Tributyrin administration improves intestinal development and health in pre-weaned dairy calves fed milk replacer.
Tributyrin administration improves intestinal development and health in pre-weaned dairy calves fed milk replacer.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.004
复制
发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
丁酸盐及其衍生物对哺乳动物具有多种营养和生物学益处，但其对奶牛的影响尚未得到很好的表征。本研究评价了三丁酸甘油酯对断奶前犊牛血液免疫、肠道免疫和屏障功能以及微生物组成的影响。选取20头新生荷斯坦公牛，随机分为对照组（不添加三丁酸甘油酯，CON, n = 10）和处理组（按2 g/L乳添加三丁酸甘油酯，TRB, n = 10）。结果表明，在试验第29 ~ 56天（P < 0.001）和整个试验期间（P = 0.003，第1 ~ 56天），施用三丁酸甘油酯可显著降低仔猪腹泻次数（P < 0.001），但对仔猪生长性能无显著影响。对于血液代谢产物，三丁酸甘油酯在第28天显著降低了白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)的浓度（P = 0.001），在第56天有降低血清淀粉样蛋白A浓度的趋势（P = 0.079），而血清氧化状态参数没有受到影响。在肠道发育方面，三丁酸甘油酯增加了空肠的绒毛高度（P < 0.001）、绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（P = 0.046）和回肠的绒毛高度（P = 0.074）。此外，在给药后，空肠中toll样受体2 （TRL2, P = 0.045）和IL-1β (P = 0.088)基因表达下调，而cladin -4 （P = 0.022）基因表达上调。与对照组相比，TRB组犊牛回肠中cladin -4 （P = 0.029）和g蛋白偶联受体41 （P = 0.019）基因表达上调，CON组犊牛空肠和回肠微生物群丰度未见显著增加。在TRB组，添加三丁酸甘油酯显著增加了短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产生菌的丰度，包括Ruminococcaceae、Lachnospiraceae、Prevotella和Rikenellaceae (LDA bbb3.5, P < 0.05)，与炎症基因（TLR2和IL-1β）表达呈负相关，与肠道屏障基因（cladin -4）和形态参数呈正相关（P < 0.05）。综上所述，在代乳中添加三丁酸甘油酯可通过刺激产scfa菌定植、增强肠道屏障功能和抑制炎症反应，促进断奶前犊牛肠道发育和健康。
Butyrate and its derivatives possess various nutritional and biological benefits for mammals, whereas its effects on dairy calves have not been well characterized. This study evaluated the effects of tributyrin administration on blood immune, intestinal immune and barrier functions, and microbial composition of pre-weaned dairy calves. Twenty newborn Holstein bull calves were randomly assigned into a control group (no tributyrin supplementation, CON; n = 10) or a treatment group (supplemented with tributyrin at 2 g/L of milk, TRB; n = 10). The results showed that diarrhea frequency was decreased significantly by tributyrin administration from d 29 to 56 (P < 0.001) and the whole period (P = 0.003, d 1 to 56) though no significant effects were observed on growth performance. For blood metabolites, tributyrin administration significantly reduced the concentration of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on d 28 (P = 0.001) and tended to reduce the concentration of serum amyloid A on d 56 (P = 0.079), whereas serum oxidative status parameters were not affected. For intestinal development, tributyrin administration increased the villus height (P < 0.001) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P = 0.046) in the jejunum, and the villus height in the ileum (P = 0.074). Furthermore, toll-like receptor 2 (TRL2, P = 0.045) and IL-1β (P = 0.088) gene expressions were downregulated, while claudin-4 (P = 0.022) gene expression was upregulated in the jejunum following tributyrin administration. In the ileum, claudin-4 (P = 0.029) and G-protein coupled receptor 41 (P = 0.019) gene expressions were upregulated in the TRB group compared to CON. No significantly higher abundances of microbiota were found in the jejunum or ileum of calves in the CON group. In the TRB group, supplementing tributyrin significantly increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella and Rikenellaceae (LDA >3.5, P < 0.05), which was negatively associated with inflammatory gene expression (TLR2 and IL-1β) but positively associated with intestinal barrier genes (claudin-4) and morphological parameters (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementing tributyrin in milk replacer could improve intestinal development and health of pre-weaned dairy calves by stimulating SCFA-producing bacteria colonization, enhancing intestinal barrier functions and suppressing inflammatory responses.