Active Flood Hazard Mitigation. I: Bidirectional Wave Control
Active Flood Hazard Mitigation. I: Bidirectional Wave Control
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积极减轻洪水灾害。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Katopodes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Sanders;N. Katopodes
单峰洪波的主动缓解是通过选择性的侧向回流来实现的。这被证明会产生洼地波，从而减少河流中危险的洪水波的影响。侧向外流是由故意的堤防决口或通过紧急侧河道溢洪道在主河道中产生双向波浪作用引起的。采用基于一维浅水方程的伴随灵敏度法，确定了横向外流的最佳位置和时机。伴随敏感性方法的效率可以通过快速提供对侧向流出变化的流量敏感性来实时减轻洪水灾害。与灵敏度峰值相关的空间和时间坐标作为主动控制的最佳位置和时机的指标进行了检查。即使在横向外流的幅度和持续时间超过小扰动假设的情况下，灵敏度也被发现是最佳控制点的良好指标。
Active mitigation of unimodal flood waves is achieved by selective lateral flow withdrawal. This is shown to create depression waves that reduce the impact of hazardous flood waves in rivers. Lateral outflow is induced by a deliberate levee breach or through an emergency side channel spillway generating bidirectional wave action in the main channel. An adjoint sensitivity method founded on 1D shallow-water equations is used to identify the optimal locations and timing for the lateral outflow. The efficiency of the adjoint sensitivity method allows flood hazards to be mitigated in real time by rapidly providing the flow sensitivity to changes in lateral outflow. The spatial and temporal coordinates associated with the peak values of the sensitivities are examined as indicators of optimal locations and timing for active control. The sensitivities are found to be good indicators of optimal control points even in cases where the magnitude and duration of the lateral outflow exceeds the small perturbation assumption.