CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PUFFERFISH (FUGU) GENOME AS A COMPACT MODEL VERTEBRATE GENOME
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PUFFERFISH (FUGU) GENOME AS A COMPACT MODEL VERTEBRATE GENOME
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DOI：
10.1038/366265a0
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发表时间：
1993-11-18
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
APARICIO, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRENNER, S;ELGAR, G;APARICIO, S
克隆和测序技术现在允许我们直接确定基因的特征，而不是必须根据它们的影响来推断它们的属性。这种新的遗传学在获得人类基因组的完整DNA序列的计划中达到了顶峰，但这远远超出了现有测序方法的能力。小型“模型”基因组，如大肠杆菌(4.7兆碱基(Mb)1和酵母菌(14Mb)2，甚至秀丽线虫(100Mb)和果蝇(165Mb))更适合现有技术。酵母基因组将包含具有所有真核细胞共同功能的基因，而那些简单的多细胞生物体的基因可能会揭示更复杂功能的遗传规范。然而，脊椎动物在形态和发育方面存在差异，因此理想的模式应该是最小尺寸和最复杂但与人类基因组具有最大同源性的脊椎动物基因组。在这里，我们报告了四齿形目鱼类的小基因组(400Mb)的特征。基因探测支持的随机测序方法表明，单倍体基因组包含400Mb的DNA，其中90%以上是唯一的。这个基因组比人类基因组小7.5倍，因为它有类似的基因库，所以它是发现人类基因的最佳模式基因组。
CLONING and sequencing techniques now allow us to characterize genes directly instead of having to deduce their properties from their effects. This new genetics reaches its apotheosis in the plan to obtain the complete DNA sequence of the human genome, but this is far beyond the capacity of present sequencing methods. Small 'model' genomes, such as those of Escherichia coli (4.7 megabases (Mb)1 and yeast (14 Mb)2, or even those of Caenorhabditis elegans (100 Mb) and Drosophila (165 Mb), are better scaled to existing technology. The yeast genome will contain genes with functions common to all eukaryotic cells, and those of simple multicellular organisms may throw light on the genetic specification of more complex functions. However, vertebrates differ in their morphology and development, so the ideal model would be a vertebrate genome of minimum size and complexity but with maximum homology to the human genome. Here we report the characterization of the small genome (400 Mb) of the tetraodontoid fish, Fugu rubripes5. A random sequencing approach supported by gene probing shows that the haploid genome contains 400 Mb of DNA, of which more that 90% is unique. This genome is 7.5 times smaller than the human genome and because it has a similar gene repertoire it is the best model genome for the discovery of human genes.