Levels of specificity of autobiographical memories and of biographical memories of the deceased in bereaved individuals with and without complicated grief
Levels of specificity of autobiographical memories and of biographical memories of the deceased in bereaved individuals with and without complicated grief
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.116.4.786
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mackintosh, Bundy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golden, Ann-Marie;Dalgleish, Tim;Mackintosh, Bundy
经历创伤后压力的创伤个体很难在自传体记忆测试（AMT; J.M. G.威廉姆斯& K. Broadbent，1986）。这可能代表了对个人过去的一种普遍的、功能性的回避。然而，这些人也经常报告他们日常创伤的具体侵入性记忆。这就提出了一种可能性，即与个人痛苦来源相关的记忆对这种假定的回避过程免疫。这是在具有复杂悲伤（CG）的丧亲者中进行的调查，这些人报告了他们已故亲人生活中的侵入性，特定记忆，并与没有CG的丧亲对照组相匹配。参与者进行了AMT和两个传记记忆测试（BMT），提示死者生活（BMT-死者）和活着的重要他人（BMT-活着）的记忆。负字线索，CG组表现出降低特异性的AMT和BMT-Living，相对于对照组，但这种效果是逆转的BMT-Deceased。这些数据支持这样一种观点，即与个体痛苦来源相关的记忆不受标准降低特异性效应的影响。
Traumatized individuals experiencing posttraumatic stress have difficulty retrieving specific autobiographical memories to cue words on the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT; J. M. G. Williams & K. Broadbent, 1986). This may represent a generalized, functional avoidance of the personal past. However, such individuals also often report specific intrusive memories of their trauma in the day-to-day. This raises the possibility that memories tied to the source of the person's distress are immune to this putative avoidance process. This was investigated in bereaved individuals with complicated grief (CG) who reported intrusive, specific memories from the life of their deceased loved one, and matched bereaved controls without CG. Participants performed the AMT and two Biographical Memory Tests (BMTs), cueing memories from the life of the deceased (BMT-Deceased) and from a living significant other (BMT-Living). To negative word cues, the CG group showed reduced specificity for the AMT and BMT-Living, relative to controls, but this effect was reversed on the BMT-Deceased. These data support the proposal that memories tied to the source of an individual's distress are immune to the processes that underlie the standard reduced specificity effect.