Assessing Status, Capacity, and Needs for the Ex Situ Conservation of the Hawaiian Flora1
Assessing Status, Capacity, and Needs for the Ex Situ Conservation of the Hawaiian Flora1
复制标题
评估夏威夷植物区系异地保护的现状、能力和需求1
DOI：
10.2984/68.4.6
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
M. Keir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lauren A. Weisenberger;M. Keir
摘要：夏威夷群岛的植物群是世界上特有率最高的地区之一，超过一半的分类群面临濒危或灭绝的危险。当仅就地管理不能保护植物种群时，采用迁地贮藏方法保持有活力的种质将防止物种灭绝。具有高保存价值的种质资源具有遗传多样性，代表分类群和种群，并具有良好的栽培历史记录。迁地设施和保护机构进行了调查，以确定现有的迁地能力是否足以代表夏威夷的物种保护的重要性（SCI），并确定限制因素。SCI的定义和他们的代表性在迁地收集量化，野生植物和种群的数量进行了估计，并尝试迁地方法进行了记录。有724个SCI，其中528个位于至少一个设施中。64%的受保护分类群是由仅10%或更少的野生植物的集合所代表的。种子库比任何其他非原位方法获得了更多的SCI，并且具有更好的原位代表性。78%的SCI种子具有长期储存潜力。现有的种子储存设施目前不足以代表所有SCI，应予以扩大。SCI在常规种子贮藏中具有低的长期潜力，可以在冷冻保存、微繁殖设施、苗圃和植物园中代表。建议包括建立一个网络，以协调收集，改善数据管理，并起草保护计划与迁地收集的目标。这类评估可适用于没有统一和一致的追踪异地代表性方法的其他区域。
Abstract: The flora of the Hawaiian Islands has one of the highest rates of endemism in the world, and over half of all taxa are at risk of endangerment or extinction. When in situ management alone cannot protect plant populations, maintaining viable germplasm using ex situ storage methods will prevent species extinctions. Germplasm collections with high conservation value are genetically diverse, representative of taxa and populations, and have a well-documented history in cultivation. Ex situ facilities and conservation agencies were surveyed to determine if existing ex situ capacity was sufficient to represent Hawai‘i’s species of conservation importance (SCI) and to identify limiting factors. SCI were defined and their representation in ex situ collections quantified, the number of wild plants and populations were estimated, and the attempted ex situ methods were recorded. There are 724 SCI, 528 of which are located in at least one facility. Sixty-four percent of the secured taxa are represented by collections from only 10% or fewer of the wild plants. Seed banks have secured more SCI, and with better in situ representation, than any other ex situ method. Seventy-eight percent of SCI have seeds with long-term storage potential. Existing seed storage facilities are currently inadequate for representing all SCI and should be expanded. SCI with low long-term potential in conventional seed storage can be represented in cryopreservation, micropropagation facilities, nurseries, and botanical gardens. Recommendations include establishing a network to coordinate collections, improve data management, and draft conservation plans with ex situ collection goals. This type of assessment can be applied to other regions that do not have a unified and consistent method of tracking ex situ representation.