Conservation tillage increases corn and soybean water productivity across the Ohio River Basin
Conservation tillage increases corn and soybean water productivity across the Ohio River Basin
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106962
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发表时间：
2021-05-12
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Ren, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Yawen;Tao, Bo;Ren, Wei
优化农业管理做法对于确保粮食安全和建设具有气候抗御力的农业至关重要。在过去几十年中，出现了防止土壤侵蚀和退化的保护性耕作做法。然而，保护性耕作对作物水分生产率（CWP）的影响仍然不确定，特别是从区域尺度的角度来看。在这里，我们使用了一个改进的基于过程的农业生态系统模型（DLEM-Ag）来量化保护性耕作的长期影响（例如，免耕，NT;减少耕作（RT）对1979-2018年间俄亥俄州河流域玉米和大豆CWP（作物生产力与蒸散量之比）的影响。我们的研究结果显示，在NT采用情景下，玉米和大豆的CWP分别平均增加2.8%和8.4%。与传统耕作方案相比，NT和RT将提高CWP，主要是由于蒸散量的减少，特别是蒸发。进一步的分析表明，虽然NT和RT可能会减少地表径流，这些做法也可能会增加地下排水和养分流失从玉米和大豆农田通过淋溶。这些结果表明，保护性耕作应补充额外的水和养分管理措施，以提高土壤保水和优化该地区的农田养分利用。我们的研究结果也为优化保护性耕作广泛应用的其他地区的管理实践提供了独特的见解。
Optimizing agricultural management practices is imperative for ensuring food security and building climateresilient agriculture. The past several decades have witnessed the emergence of conservation tillage practices to combat soil erosion and degradation. However, the effects of conservation tillage on crop water productivity (CWP) remain uncertain, especially from a regional-scale perspective. Here, we used an improved process-based agroecosystem model (DLEM-Ag) to quantify the long-term effects of conservation tillage (e.g., no-tillage, NT; reduced tillage, RT) on CWP (defined as the ratio of crop productivity to evapotranspiration) of corn and soybean across the Ohio River Basin during 1979-2018. Our results revealed an average increase of 2.8% and 8.4% in CWP for corn and soybean, respectively, under the NT adoption scenario. Compared to the conventional tillage scenario, NT and RT would enhance CWP, primarily due to reductions in evapotranspiration, particularly evaporation. Further analysis suggested that, although NT and RT may decrease surface runoff, these practices could also increase subsurface drainage and nutrient loss from corn and soybean farmland via leaching. These results indicate that conservation tillage should be complemented with additional water and nutrient management practices to enhance soil water retention and optimize nutrient use in the region's cropland. Our findings also provide unique insights into optimizing management practices for other areas where conservation tillage is widely applied.