Free nicotine content and strategic marketing of moist snuff tobacco products in the United States: 2000-2006
Free nicotine content and strategic marketing of moist snuff tobacco products in the United States: 2000-2006
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2008.025247
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Connolly, G. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alpert, H. R.;Koh, H.;Connolly, G. N.
背景：从2000年到2006年，湿鼻烟的销售有所增加，现在占无烟烟草市场的71%。以前的研究表明，无烟烟草产品的主要制造商操纵游离尼古丁，最容易吸收的形式，以促进耐受性和addiction.Aim：本研究探讨的可能性，公司的具体和品牌的具体战略的主要湿鼻烟制造商涉及控制游离尼古丁含量和易于剂量与产品的设计和针对特定群体。这项研究着眼于当前美国湿鼻烟市场的总体情况，数据来自马萨诸塞州公共卫生部的产品设计数据、全国药物使用和健康调查的湿鼻烟使用情况、AC尼尔森的市场数据以及TNS Media Intelligence的杂志广告支出。（2）随着时间的推移，子品牌的数量和种类有所增加;（3）设计的变化，如与pH值或烟叶或两者相关的游离尼古丁变化所反映的，增强了给药的便利性和均匀性;（4）通过价格和广告进行的营销有所增加;（5）青少年使用有所增加。品牌扩散、游离尼古丁的控制和产品设计等因素的结合很可能导致湿鼻烟的消费量增加，特别是在年轻人中。
Background: From 2000 to 2006, moist snuff sales have increased and now account for 71% of the smokeless tobacco market. Previous research has shown that major manufacturers of smokeless tobacco products manipulated free nicotine, the form most readily absorbed, to promote tolerance and addiction.Aim: This study examines the possibility that company-specific and brand-specific strategies of the major moist snuff manufacturers involve controlling free nicotine content and ease of dosing with products that are designed and targeted to specific groups. This study looks at the current total US moist snuff market with product design data from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health; moist snuff use from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health; market data from ACNielsen; and magazine advertising expenditures from TNS Media Intelligence.Results: (1) The levels of free nicotine of moist snuff products have increased over time for several major manufacturers; (2) the number and variety of sub-brands have increased over time; (3) changes in design, as reflected by variation in free nicotine associated with pH or tobacco leaf, or both, have enhanced the ease and uniformity of dosing; (4) marketing through price and advertising has increased; and (5) youth use has increased.Conclusion: A combination of factors including brand proliferation, control of free nicotine and product design has most likely resulted in the expanded consumption of moist snuff, particularly among young people.