Analysis of the Features and Structure Behind Availability in Blockchain Using Altcoin
Analysis of the Features and Structure Behind Availability in Blockchain Using Altcoin
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2022.3204697
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Mitsuyoshi Imamura;Kazumasa Omote
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitsuyoshi Imamura;Kazumasa Omote
数据可用性是区块链中的一个安全因素，难以理解和解释，因为它无法以密码学或数学方式描述，因为它的行为依赖于维护网络中分布式账本的志愿者的属性。以前的大多数方法经常使用具有经验有效可用性的成功项目（例如比特币和以太坊）来分析更活跃的区块链网络。因此，即使许多从比特币分叉而来的山寨币在网络中都有节点，但与直觉相反，因为它们是不受欢迎且失败的项目，它们也不是分析中关注的焦点。然而，有趣的是，两者都可以保持可用性。考虑到支持可用性的网络结构，可以将山寨币的功能作为最小组件来研究，因为它是一个失败的项目，而比特币和以太坊则具有挑战性，因为它们的组件很复杂。因此，我们根据我们的用户角色模型专门选择了下跌的山寨币。我们研究了维持可用性的网络特征以及山寨币底层的用户结构，重点关注与连续性相关的因素，例如初始节点生存能力、对软件更新的兴趣以及存在安全风险的节点。我们发现，与独立组织相比，早期用户和少数社区友好用户的操作提供了更高的可用性。我们还根据安装节点的成本讨论这些用户的动机。
Data availability is a security factor in a blockchain that is challenging to understand and explain because it cannot be described cryptographically or mathematically because of its behavior-dependent properties on the volunteers who maintain the distributed ledger in the network. Most previous approaches have frequently used successful projects with empirically effective availability, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, to analyze more active blockchain networks. Therefore, even if much of the Altcoin forked from Bitcoin had nodes in the network, contrary to intuition because they were unpopular and failed projects, they were not the focus of much attention in the analysis. However, it is interesting to note that both can maintain availability. Considering the network structure that supports availability, it is possible to investigate Altcoin’s features as a minimal component because it is a failed project, whereas it is challenging to do so with Bitcoin and Ethereum because of their complex components. Thus, we specifically selected Altcoin in decline based on our user role model. We investigated the features of the network that maintain availability and the user structure underlying Altcoin, focusing on factors associated with continuity, such as initial node survivability, interest in software updates, and nodes with security risks. We discovered that compared with a stand-alone organization, the actions of early users and few community-friendly users provide greater availability. We also discuss the motivations of these users based on the cost of installing the nodes.