Between-group behaviour in health care: gaps, edges, boundaries, disconnections, weak ties, spaces and holes. A systematic review.
Between-group behaviour in health care: gaps, edges, boundaries, disconnections, weak ties, spaces and holes. A systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6963-10-330
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发表时间：
2010-12-07
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Braithwaite J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braithwaite J
差距通常被视为一个需要解决的问题。人们被刺激去关闭或堵塞它们。研究人员致力于填补文献中的缺陷，以实现更完整的知识库，卫生当局希望弥合政策与实践之间的脱节，管理人员希望确保资源以弥补差的和理想的护理之间的不足，临床医生希望跨越组织孤岛向患者提供服务。尽管在许多卫生系统中开展了实际工作和政策工作以弥合差距，但为了获得所提供的见解，研究审查这些差距的研究是有价值的。结构漏洞、社会群体之间的空间和薄弱或缺失的联系代表了网络中的裂缝，这些裂缝位于人口密度较低的部分，否则会紧密相连的社会结构。这种差距是有用的，因为它们说明了沟通如何可能中断或交互失败。本文讨论了这种现象的实证和理论工作，目的是分析一个具体的范例，即卫生保健组织内筒仓的结构。系统检索社会空间、洞、缺口、边界和边缘的研究文献，将其分为健康样本[n = 13]和非健康样本[n = 55]。对卫生文献进行了审查和综合，以了解利益相关者和利益相关者群体之间的情况，这些情况既对网络互动构成威胁，也为加强组织和机构相互关系的结构提供了机会。研究实例阐明了各种网络结构特征和群体互动。他们解释了一系列改善社会和专业关系的机会，这些机会是通过理解结构漏洞、社会空间和缺席关系所提供的。一个主要的发现是，这些差距说明了联系紧张或被切断的条件，群体之间融合的限制发生的情况，社会空间正在或需要协商的情况，以及弥合分歧的方式。这项研究的局限性在于，它受到关注焦点和使用的搜索词的限制，而且尚未开发出一种概率预测模型，用于分析差距以及如何将它们联系起来。差距提供了对社会结构的洞察，以及工作场所、组织和机构参与者在现实世界中的行为是多么脆弱。本文着重分析了网络断裂和群体分化的具体情况。了解这些现象为找出改善卫生部门组织沟通、知识传播和关系的方法提供了机会。
Gaps are typically regarded as a problem to be solved. People are stimulated to close or plug them. Researchers are moved to fill deficits in the literature in order to realise a more complete knowledge base, health authorities want to bridge policy-practice disconnections, managers to secure resources to remedy shortfalls between poor and idealised care, and clinicians to provide services to patients across the divides of organisational silos. Despite practical and policy work in many health systems to bridge gaps, it is valuable to study research examining them for the insights provided. Structural holes, spaces between social clusters and weak or absent ties represent fissures in networks, located in less densely populated parts of otherwise closely connected social structures. Such gaps are useful as they illustrate how communication potentially breaks down or interactivity fails. This paper discusses empirical and theoretical work on this phenomenon with the aim of analysing a specific exemplar, the structures of silos within health care organisations. The research literature on social spaces, holes, gaps, boundaries and edges was searched systematically, and separated into health [n = 13] and non-health [n = 55] samples. The health literature was reviewed and synthesised in order to understand the circumstances between stakeholders and stakeholder groups that both provide threats to networked interactions and opportunities to strengthen the fabric of organisational and institutional inter-relationships. The research examples illuminate various network structure characteristics and group interactions. They explicate a range of opportunities for improved social and professional relations that understanding structural holes, social spaces and absent ties affords. A principal finding is that these kinds of gaps illustrate the conditions under which connections are strained or have been severed, where the limits of integration between groups occurs, the circumstances in which social spaces are or need to be negotiated and the way divides are bridged. The study's limitations are that it is bounded by the focus of attention and the search terms used and there is yet to be developed a probabilistic, predictive model for gaps and how to connect them. Gaps offer insights into social structures, and how real world behaviours of participants in workplaces, organisations and institutions are fragile. The paper highlights the circumstances in which network disjunctures and group divides manifest. Knowledge of these phenomenon provides opportunities for working out ways to improve health sector organisational communications, knowledge transmission and relationships.
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影响因子：
1.4
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1108/17465640810870391
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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