The Role of Teacher Quality in Retention and Hiring: Using Applications-to-Transfer to Uncover Preferences of Teachers and Schools
The Role of Teacher Quality in Retention and Hiring: Using Applications-to-Transfer to Uncover Preferences of Teachers and Schools
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教师质量在保留和聘用中的作用：利用转学申请来揭示教师和学校的偏好
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发表时间：
2010
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Wyckoff
中科院分区：
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作者：
Donald J. Boyd;H. Lankford;S. Loeb;Matthew Ronfeldt;J. Wyckoff
许多大城市学区正在重新考虑他们的人事管理策略，通常在聘用教师方面给予学校更多的控制权，例如降低资历的重要性。如果学校招聘当局能够在聘用谁的问题上做出正确的决定，这些改革就有可能使学校和学生受益。先前对教师迁移的研究使用职业历史数据，确定教师每年任教的学校。当这些数据被用来观察哪些教师迁移时，这种模式在多大程度上是由教师偏好或学校偏好驱动的，这是不清楚的，因为教师与学校的匹配是一个双边选择。本研究使用申请转移数据分别检查哪些教师申请转移和哪些被聘用，并在这样做时区分教师和学校的偏好。在其他条件相同的情况下，我们发现具有较高职前资格（认证考试成绩；大学竞争力）的教师更有可能申请转学，而学生表现出较高成就增长的教师则不太可能申请转学。另一方面，学校更愿意雇用“高质量”的教师，这些教师的质量指标都能体现出学校的质量。结果表明，不仅更有效率的教师更愿意留在他们的学校，而且当有机会时，学校能够识别并雇用最好的候选人。
Many large urban school districts are rethinking their personnel management strategies, often giving increased control to schools in the hiring of teachers, reducing, for example, the importance of seniority. If school hiring authorities are able to make good decisions about whom to hire, these reforms have the potential to benefit schools and students. Prior research on teacher transfers uses career history data, identifying the school in which a teacher teaches in each year. When this data is used to see which teachers transfer, it is unclear the extent to which the patterns are driven by teacher preferences or school preferences, since the matching of teachers to schools is a two-sided choice. This study uses applications-to-transfer data to examine separately which teachers apply for transfer and which get hired and, in so doing, differentiates teacher from school preferences. Holding all else equal, we find that teachers with better pre-service qualifications (certification exam scores; college competitiveness) are more likely to apply for transfer, while teachers whose students demonstrate higher achievement growth are less likely. On the other hand, schools prefer to hire "higher quality" teachers across measures that signal quality. The results suggest not only that more effective teachers prefer to stay in their school, but that when given the opportunity schools are able to identify and hire the best candidates.