Characterization of north-eastern Australian environments using APSIM for increasing rainfed maize production
Characterization of north-eastern Australian environments using APSIM for increasing rainfed maize production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2013.01.018
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发表时间：
2013-03-20
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Rodriguez, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chauhan, Y. S.;Solomon, K. F.;Rodriguez, D.
在昆士兰州（Qld）和北方新南威尔士州（NNSW）高度多样化的农业生态环境中，反复出现的水分胁迫是玉米种植的主要风险因素。加强对这种农业生态多样性的了解是必要的，以便更一致地对目标生产环境进行采样，以测试和定向释放改良种质，并提高昆士兰州和新南威尔士州玉米预育种和育种计划的效率。在这里，我们使用了农业生产系统模拟器（APSIM）-一种经过充分验证的玉米作物模型，以描述位于南纬15.8度至31.5度，东经144.5度至151.8度之间的Qld和NNSW主要玉米种植区的关键独特水分胁迫模式和生产风险。APSIM被配置为模拟开花前后的每日供水需求比（SDRs）作为水分胁迫程度的指标，并最终粮食产量。利用1890年至2010年期间的每日气候记录，对目标生产区域的32个土壤进行了模拟。假设对中季玉米杂交种Pioneer 3153有足够的氮供应，进行试验。层次完整的连锁分析的模拟产量导致五个主要的集群显示出不同的概率分布的预期产量和地理格局。干旱胁迫模式和频率使用SDR量化使用多元统计方法。确定的应力模式包括没有应力，中期（开花）应力，和三个终端应力不同的严重程度。开花和末期胁迫的组合频率最高（82.9%），主要是在昆士兰州西部和NNSW的网站-土壤组合。不同地点土壤的产量变异性与水分胁迫频率的变异性显著相关。每个产量集群内的水分胁迫频率趋于相似，但集群间不同。因此，每个产量群内的土壤可以被视为不同的玉米生产环境，用于测试和针对新开发的玉米品种和杂交种，以适应这些环境中最常见的水分胁迫模式。皇冠版权所有（C）2013由爱思唯尔B. V.出版保留所有权利。
Recurring water stresses are a major risk factor for rainfed maize cropping across the highly diverse agro-ecological environments of Queensland (Qld) and northern New South Wales (NNSW). Enhanced understanding of such agro-ecological diversity is necessary to more consistently sample target production environments for testing and targeting release of improved germplasm, and to improve the efficiency of the maize pre-breeding and breeding programs of Qld and New South Wales. Here, we used the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) - a well validated maize crop model to characterize the key distinctive water stress patterns and risk to production across the main maize growing regions of Qld and NNSW located between 15.8 degrees and 31.5 degrees S, and 144.5 degrees and 151.8 degrees E. APSIM was configured to simulate daily water supply demand ratios (SDRs) around anthesis as an indicator of the degree of water stress, and the final grain yield. Simulations were performed using daily climatic records during the period between 1890 and 2010 for 32 sites-soils in the target production regions. The runs were made assuming adequate nitrogen supply for mid-season maize hybrid Pioneer 3153. Hierarchical complete linkage analyses of the simulated yield resulted in five major clusters showing distinct probability distribution of the expected yields and geographic patterns. The drought stress patterns and their frequencies using SDRs were quantified using multivariate statistical methods. The identified stress patterns included no stress, mid-season (flowering) stress, and three terminal stresses differing in terms of severity. The combined frequency of flowering and terminal stresses was highest (82.9%), mainly in sites-soils combinations in the west of Qld and NNSW. Yield variability across the different sites-soils was significantly related to the variability in frequencies of water stresses. Frequencies of water stresses within each yield cluster tended to be similar, but different across clusters. Sites-soils falling within each yield cluster therefore could be treated as distinct maize production environments for testing and targeting newly developed maize cultivars and hybrids for adaptation to water stress patterns most common to those environments. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.