Inoculating the Public against Misinformation about Climate Change
Inoculating the Public against Misinformation about Climate Change
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DOI：
10.1002/gch2.201600008
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发表时间：
2017-02-27
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Maibach, Edward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
van der Linden, Sander;Leiserowitz, Anthony;Maibach, Edward
有效应对气候变化需要个人和集体的人类行为和决策发生重大变化。然而，鉴于（气候）科学日益政治化，以及既得利益集团试图通过有组织的“虚假信息运动”破坏关于气候变化的科学共识，事实证明，找到有效地与公众就这一问题进行跨政治交流的方法已被证明是困难的。越来越多的研究表明，抵制科学政治化的一种有希望的方法是在专家之间传达关于人为气候变化现实的高水平规范性协议（“共识”）。然而，许多先前研究气候变化背景下的舆论动态的研究都是在外部有效性有限的条件下进行的。此外，迄今为止还没有研究探讨如何保护公众免受有关气候变化的有影响力的错误信息的传播。当前的研究通过探索人们如何在两极分化的信息环境中评估和处理共识线索来弥合这一鸿沟。此外，有证据表明，可以先发制人地保护（“预防”）公众对气候变化的态度，使其免受现实世界错误信息的影响。
Effectively addressing climate change requires significant changes in individual and collective human behavior and decision-making. Yet, in light of the increasing politicization of (climate) science, and the attempts of vested-interest groups to undermine the scientific consensus on climate change through organized "disinformation campaigns," identifying ways to effectively engage with the public about the issue across the political spectrum has proven difficult. A growing body of research suggests that one promising way to counteract the politicization of science is to convey the high level of normative agreement ("consensus") among experts about the reality of human-caused climate change. Yet, much prior research examining public opinion dynamics in the context of climate change has done so under conditions with limited external validity. Moreover, no research to date has examined how to protect the public from the spread of influential misinformation about climate change. The current research bridges this divide by exploring how people evaluate and process consensus cues in a polarized information environment. Furthermore, evidence is provided that it is possible to preemptively protect ("inoculate") public attitudes about climate change against real-world misinformation.