Targeting the non-coding genome and temozolomide signature enables CRISPR-mediated glioma oncolysis.

Targeting the non-coding genome and temozolomide signature enables CRISPR-mediated glioma oncolysis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113339
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发表时间:
2023-11-28
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是成人中最常见的致死性原发性脑癌。尽管治疗方案包括手术切除、放疗和替莫唑胺(TMZ)化疗,但残留肿瘤的生长导致治疗抵抗和死亡。在复发时,四分之一到三分之一的胶质瘤具有高度突变的基因组,其突变负担比正常组织大几个数量级。在这里,我们量化了患者的原发性和复发性GBM中的突变景观进展,并且我们发现了Cas9靶向重复元件。我们表明,CRISPR介导的高度重复位点的靶向能够快速消除GBM细胞,我们称之为“基因组粉碎”。重要的是,在患者的复发性GBM中,我们鉴定了具有TMZ突变特征的独特重复序列,并证明了它们的CRISPR靶向能够实现癌症特异性细胞消融。“癌症粉碎”利用非编码基因组和治疗诱导的突变特征来靶向GBM细胞耗竭,并提供了开发超突变胶质瘤治疗的创新范例。Tan等人介绍了“癌症粉碎”,一种用于治疗复发性胶质母细胞瘤的概念验证CRISPR方法。利用个性化的sgRNA靶向重复的非编码序列,包括替莫唑胺化疗诱导的突变特征,它们显示出快速的胶质母细胞瘤细胞耗竭。这为开发针对高突变胶质瘤和其他高突变癌症的癌症特异性治疗提供了潜在途径。
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common lethal primary brain cancer in adults. Despite treatment regimens including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, growth of residual tumor leads to therapy resistance and death. At recurrence, a quarter to a third of all gliomas have hypermutated genomes, with mutational burdens orders of magnitude greater than in normal tissue. Here, we quantified the mutational landscape progression in a patient’s primary and recurrent GBM, and we uncovered Cas9-targetable repeat elements. We show that CRISPR-mediated targeting of highly repetitive loci enables rapid elimination of GBM cells, an approach we term “genome shredding.” Importantly, in the patient’s recurrent GBM, we identified unique repeat sequences with TMZ mutational signature and demonstrated that their CRISPR targeting enables cancer-specific cell ablation. “Cancer shredding” leverages the non-coding genome and therapy-induced mutational signatures for targeted GBM cell depletion and provides an innovative paradigm to develop treatments for hypermutated glioma. Tan et al. introduce “cancer shredding,” a proof-of-concept CRISPR approach for treating recurrent glioblastoma. Utilizing personalized sgRNAs targeting repetitive non-coding sequences, including temozolomide chemotherapy-induced mutational signatures, they show rapid glioblastoma cell depletion. This offers a potential avenue to develop cancer-specific treatments for hypermutated gliomas and other hypermutated cancers.
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