Transport in nanopores and nanochannels: some fundamental challenges and nature-inspired solutions
Transport in nanopores and nanochannels: some fundamental challenges and nature-inspired solutions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mtadv.2019.100047
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. A. P. Sirkin;M. Tagliazucchi;I. Szleifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. A. P. Sirkin;M. Tagliazucchi;I. Szleifer
在过去的五年里，固态纳米孔和纳米通道领域呈指数级增长。最近的进展极大地拓宽了可用门控刺激的范围，扩大了在传感、能量转换和分离科学中的应用，并提高了我们对纳米通道和孔中离子传输机制的理解。尽管取得了这些令人印象深刻的成就，但仍然存在非常具有挑战性(和非常令人兴奋)的研究方向。这篇综述集中在其中的三个方向：i)离子选择性：有可能构建出区分一种类型的离子和具有相同电荷和相似大小的其他离子的通道吗？二)与化学网络的结合：如何将生物有机体中普遍存在的化学网络与毛孔和通道结合起来，以实现新的功能并加强当前的应用？三)比离子大的货物的运输：是否有可能通过人造孔实现大分子和纳米颗粒的选择性和受刺激的运输？对生物通道和毛孔的简要分析表明，大自然已经为这三个问题进化出了令人着迷的解决方案，这可能是灵感的来源。
The field of solid-state nanopores and nanochannels has grown exponentially in the past five years. Recent advances have greatly broadened the spectrum of available gating stimuli, expanded applications in sensing, energy conversion, and separation science, and improved our understanding of the mechanisms that govern ion transport in nanometer-sized channels and pores. Despite these impressive achievements, there still exists very challenging (and very exciting) research directions. This review focuses on three of these directions: i) ion selectivity: is it possible to construct channels that discriminate one type of ion from others with the same charge and similar size? ii) Integration with chemical networks: how can chemical networks, which are ubiquitous in living organisms, be integrated with pores and channels to enable new functions and enhance current applications? iii) Transport of cargoes larger than ions: is it possible to achieve selective and stimuli-gated transport of macromolecules and nanoparticles through synthetic pores? A brief analysis of biological channels and pores demonstrates that nature had evolved fascinating solutions for these three problems that may serve as a source of inspiration.