School-related issues among HIV-infected children
School-related issues among HIV-infected children
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.100.1.e8
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发表时间：
1997-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Sullivan, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, J;Reddington, C;Sullivan, J
客观的。许多感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童都能存活到上学年龄。本研究描述了艾滋病毒感染儿童群体中与上学和艾滋病毒感染情况披露相关的问题。方法。全州儿童艾滋病毒监测系统用于收集学龄（5 岁）艾滋病毒感染儿童的数据。此外，熟悉该儿童病史的艾滋病毒诊所护士参加了一项横断面调查，该调查收集了 1993-1994 学年期间与学校有关的问题的信息。结果。 92 名学龄儿童中，只有 3 人因病重而无法上学。另外 5 名儿童在家接受教育。在 84 名外出上学的人中，25% 的人有严重的 HIV 感染症状（疾病控制与预防中心 [CDC] 临床 C 类）。半数儿童 (51%) 全年缺课时间少于 2 周，9 名儿童 (12%) 缺课时间超过 8 周。百分之二十九的儿童在学校接受药物治疗，通常由学校护士管理。 50 名 5 至 10 岁儿童中，超过三分之二的人没有被告知自己感染了艾滋病毒。 20 名 10 岁以上儿童中，只有 1 名不知道自己感染了艾滋病毒。 53% 的上学儿童没有被学校工作人员告知其感染艾滋病毒。在学校使用艾滋病毒药物、儿童年龄以及在某一特定艾滋病毒诊所的治疗与家长决定告知学校工作人员有关。在学校收到通知的 47% 案例中，学校护士收到通知的频率最高，其次是校长和教师。结论。只有 3% 的学龄儿童因病重而无法上学，而且几乎所有儿童都就读于公立学校。达到学龄的艾滋病毒感染儿童数量将继续增加，公立学校将承担教育这些儿童的责任。教育工作者和家庭将越来越多地要求卫生保健提供者提供指导，以确保感染艾滋病毒的儿童获得尽可能最好的教育。
Objective. Many children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are surviving long enough to reach school age. This study describes issues related to school attendance and disclosure of HIV infection in a population of HIV-infected children.Methods. A statewide pediatric HIV surveillance system was used to collect data on school-age (5 years old) HIV-infected children. In addition, HIV clinic nurses familiar with the child's history participated in a cross-sectional survey that collected information on school-related issues during the 1993-1994 school year.Results. Of the 92 school-age children, only 3 were too ill to attend school. Another 5 children were home-schooled. Of the 84 who attended school outside the home, 25% had severe symptoms of HIV infection (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] clinical category C). Absence from school ranged from less than 2 weeks during the year for half of the children (51%) to more than 8 weeks for 9 children (12%). Twenty-nine percent of the children received medication in school, usually administered by the school nurse. Over two thirds of the 50 children ages 5 to 10 years had not been told that they had HIV infection. Only 1 of the 20 children more than 10 years of age was not aware of her HIV infection. For 53% of the children attending school, no school personnel had been informed of the child's HIV infection. Administration of HIV medications at school, age of child, and treatment at one particular HIV clinic were associated with the parents' decision to inform school personnel. In the 47% of cases where the school had been informed, school nurses were most frequently notified, followed by principals and teachers.Conclusion. Only 3% of school-age children were too ill to attend school, and almost all were enrolled in public schools. The number of HIV-infected children reaching school age will continue to grow, and public schools will bear the responsibility for educating these children. Health care providers will increasingly be called upon for guidance by both educators and families to assure that HIV-infected children receive the best education possible.