Influence of EVA, PVB and Ionoplast Interlayers on the Structural Behaviour and Fracture Pattern of Laminated Glass
Influence of EVA, PVB and Ionoplast Interlayers on the Structural Behaviour and Fracture Pattern of Laminated Glass
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EVA、PVB 和离子塑料中间膜对夹层玻璃结构行为和断裂模式的影响
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发表时间：
2019
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kozłowski
中科院分区：
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作者：
L. Šāble;D. Kinsella;M. Kozłowski
建筑趋势越来越多地挑战材料生产商和工程师创造可持续的，可再生的和创新的夹层玻璃产品，这些产品联合收割机多种功能，例如，带有太阳能电池的玻璃栏杆，弯曲的夹层玻璃，带有用作多媒体屏幕的发光二极管的地板。所有新的趋势都需要开发用于层压玻璃的夹层，这允许在两个玻璃层之间层压电气部件、太阳能电池或其他物体。对于这种复杂的层压工艺，最合适的中间层是乙烯醋酸乙烯酯（伊娃），因为它的特性允许在低温下工作而无需高压灭菌。另一方面，伊娃材料尚未在prEN 16613标准中完全定义和讨论为合适的夹层材料，例如，用于像聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）夹层的结构应用。为此，必须研究伊娃夹层层压板，并与PVB或类似夹层层压板进行比较，以评估其机械性能。本文提出了一个想法，并比较了结构行为和断裂模式，并评估了夹层玻璃样品与PVB，Ionoplast和伊娃夹层。在实际情况下，玻璃结构需要被设计成能够承受可能发生的弯曲应力，例如，由于横向荷载，这意味着四点弯曲试验是评估结构性能的合适方法。还在有限元（FE）ABAQUS/CAE软件中对试验进行建模，以计算位移并评估弯曲应力。根据目前的研究结果，可以得出结论：对于含有伊娃夹层的试件，刚度与PVB夹层试件的结果相当，伊娃夹层可以用于与PVB材料相同的情况。此外，使用有限元方法可以准确地模拟夹层玻璃在四点弯曲测试中的力学行为，具有高度的结果相关性，误差小于5%，而分析计算显示误差为10- 58%。
Architectural trends increasingly challenge material producers and engineers to create sustainable, renewable and innovative laminated glass products that combine multiple functions as in, for example, glass railings with solar cells, curved laminated glass, floors with light emitting diodes that serve as multimedia screens. All new tendencies require the development of interlayers for laminated glass, which allows laminating electrical parts, solar cells or other objects between two glass plies. For this complex lamination process, the most appropriate interlayer is Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), because its properties allow for working in low temperatures without autoclave. From the other hand, EVA material has not been defined and discussed entirely in prEN16613 standard as a suitable interlayer material, for example, for structures application like Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) interlayer. For this reason, EVA interlayer laminates must be investigated and compared with PVB or similar interlayer laminates to evaluate its mechanical behaviour. The research paper gives an idea and compares the structural behaviour and fracture pattern and evaluates laminated glass samples with PVB, Ionoplast and EVA interlayers. Under practical circumstances, glass structures need to be designed to withstand bending stresses which may occur, e.g., due to lateral loading, that means that four-point bending tests is appropriate method for the evaluation of structural behavior. Tests were also modelled in the Finite Element (FE) ABAQUS/CAE software to calculate displacements and evaluate bending stresses. According to current research, the conclusion can be drawn that for samples with EVA interlayer, stiffness is equivalent to PVB interlayer specimens’ results and EVA interlayer can be used in the same cases as PVB material. Moreover, using FE method makes it possible to simulate accurately the mechanical behaviour of laminated glass tested in 4-point bending with high result correlation with error less than 5% while the analytical calculations show error of 10-58%.