Houseflies (Musca domestica) as mechanical vectors of shigellosis.
Houseflies (Musca domestica) as mechanical vectors of shigellosis.
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DOI：
10.1093/clinids/13.4.688
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发表时间：
1991-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Orin S. Levine;Myron M. Levine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Orin S. Levine;Myron M. Levine
家蝇是志贺氏菌的机械媒介。苍蝇和痢疾流行的季节经常重合。家蝇对人类排泄物有亲和力，正如诱捕苍蝇的细菌培养所证明的那样，家蝇在接触受感染的人类粪便后会受到志贺氏菌的污染。传播志贺氏菌病所需的接种量仅为10-10(2)。由于家蝇与人类同居，它们很容易污染食物和餐具。随着20世纪40年代杀虫剂的出现，美国的干预研究提供了家蝇在志贺氏菌传播中所起作用的证据。在实施灭蝇措施的城镇，苍蝇密度、志贺氏菌携带率、幼儿腹泻和腹泻死亡率均明显低于对照城镇。在发展中地区，有必要进行调查，量化志贺氏菌通过苍蝇传播相对于其他传播方式的重要性，并评估减少通过苍蝇传播传播的措施。
Houseflies (Musca domestica) are mechanical vectors of Shigella organisms. Seasons during which both flies and cases of dysentery are prevalent often coincide. Houseflies have an affinity for human excrement and, as documented by bacteriologic culture of trapped flies, become contaminated with Shigella organisms following contact with infected human feces. The inoculum required to transmit shigellosis is only 10-10(2). Since houseflies cohabit with humans, they can readily contaminate food and eating utensils. With the advent of insecticides in the 1940s, intervention studies in the United States provided evidence of the role of the housefly in transmission of shigellae. In towns that were exposed to fly-control measures, the density of flies and the prevalence of carriage of Shigella organisms, diarrhea, and mortality due to diarrheal disease among young children all markedly diminished as compared with the situation in control towns. Investigations that quantitate the importance of fly-borne transmission of Shigella organisms relative to other modes of transmission and that provide evaluation of measures to diminish fly-borne transmission are warranted in developing areas.