Survey on eHMI concepts: The effect of text, color, and perspective
Survey on eHMI concepts: The effect of text, color, and perspective
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.trf.2019.10.013
复制
发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
de Winte, Joost
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bazilinskyy, Pavlo;Dodou, Dimitra;de Winte, Joost
汽车行业已经为自动驾驶汽车（AVs）提供了各种外部人机界面（eHMIs）。然而，对于哪些类型的ehmi对脆弱的道路使用者来说是清楚的，似乎没有达成共识。在这里，我们展示了关于这个话题的两个大型众包调查的结果。在第一项调查中，我们询问了受访者对汽车行业提出的eHMI概念的28幅图像、视频和专利图纸的清晰度。结果表明，文本eHMIs被普遍认为是最清晰的。在非文本eHMIs中，投影的斑马线被认为是清晰的，而基于光的eHMIs被认为是相对不清晰的。相当大比例的受访者将非文本ehmi误认为传感器。在第二项调查中，我们研究了文本信息视角（以行人为中心的自我中心：“走”、“不要走”vs以非自我中心的：“会停”、“不会停”）和颜色（绿色、红色、白色）对受访者在自动驾驶汽车前是否感到安全的影响。结果表明，文本ehmi比只有颜色的ehmi更有说服力，这与第一次调查的结果一致。在eHMI中，得到“是”回答的比例最高的是绿色字体的“步行”信息，这表明行人以自我为中心。我们的结论是，以文本为中心的ehmi被认为是最清晰的，这带来了一个困境，因为文本说明与责任、易读性和技术可行性等实际问题有关。(C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The automotive industry has presented a variety of external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) for automated vehicles (AVs). However, there appears to be no consensus on which types of eHMIs are clear to vulnerable road users. Here, we present the results of two large crowdsourcing surveys on this topic. In the first survey, we asked respondents about the clarity of 28 images, videos, and patent drawings of eHMI concepts presented by the automotive industry. Results showed that textual eHMIs were generally regarded as the clearest. Among the non-textual eHMIs, a projected zebra crossing was regarded as clear, whereas light-based eHMIs were seen as relatively unclear. A considerable proportion of the respondents mistook non-textual eHMIs for a sensor. In the second survey, we examined the effect of perspective of the textual message (egocentric from the pedestrian's point of view: 'Walk', 'Don't walk' vs. allocentric: 'Will stop', 'Won't stop') and color (green, red, white) on whether respondents felt safe to cross in front of the AV. The results showed that textual eHMIs were more persuasive than color-only eHMIs, which is in line with the results from the first survey. The eHMI that received the highest percentage of 'Yes' responses was the message Walk' in green font, which points towards an egocentric perspective taken by the pedestrian. We conclude that textual egocentric eHMIs are regarded as clearest, which poses a dilemma because textual instructions are associated with practical issues of liability, legibility, and technical feasibility. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.