On the Impact of the Medium in the Effectiveness of 3D Software Visualizations
On the Impact of the Medium in the Effectiveness of 3D Software Visualizations
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媒介对 3D 软件可视化效果的影响
DOI：
10.1109/vissoft.2017.17
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Keim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leonel Merino;Johannes Fuchs;M. Blumenschein;C. Anslow;Mohammad Ghafari;Oscar Nierstrasz;M. Behrisch;D. Keim
许多可视化已被证明可以有效支持各种软件相关任务。尽管可以使用多种媒体来显示可视化，但使用最多的是标准计算机屏幕。我们假设媒介对其有效性起作用。我们通过进行受控用户实验来研究我们的假设。在实验中，我们重点关注用于软件理解任务的 3D 城市可视化技术。我们在标准计算机屏幕 (SCS)、沉浸式 3D 环境 (I3D) 和物理 3D 打印模型 (P3D) 上部署 3D 城市可视化。我们要求 27 名参与者（针对每种媒介将他们分为三组）可视化不同规模的软件系统，解决一组统一的理解任务，并完成一份调查问卷。我们从表现、回忆和用户体验方面衡量了可视化的有效性。我们发现，尽管使用 P3D 的开发人员识别异常值所需的时间最少，但他们在基于 SCS 可视化系统时感到的困难也最小。此外，使用 I3D 的开发人员获得了最高的回忆。
Many visualizations have proven to be effective in supporting various software related tasks. Although multiple media can be used to display a visualization, the standard computer screen is used the most. We hypothesize that the medium has a role in their effectiveness. We investigate our hypotheses by conducting a controlled user experiment. In the experiment we focus on the 3D city visualization technique used for software comprehension tasks. We deploy 3D city visualizations across a standard computer screen (SCS), an immersive 3D environment (I3D), and a physical 3D printed model (P3D). We asked twenty-seven participants (whom we divided in three groups for each medium) to visualize software systems of various sizes, solve a set of uniform comprehension tasks, and complete a questionnaire. We measured the effectiveness of visualizations in terms of performance, recollection, and user experience. We found that even though developers using P3D required the least time to identify outliers, they perceived the least difficulty when visualizing systems based on SCS. Moreover, developers using I3D obtained the highest recollection.