Geocoding accuracy and the recovery of relationships between environmental exposures and health.
Geocoding accuracy and the recovery of relationships between environmental exposures and health.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-072x-7-13
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发表时间：
2008-04-03
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Donham, Kelley J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mazumdar, Soumya;Rushton, Gerard;Smith, Brian J.;Zimmerman, Dale L.;Donham, Kelley J.
这项研究开发了确定地理编码质量对环境暴露与健康之间关系的影响的方法。检测环境暴露和健康测量之间现有关系-统计功效-的可能性不仅取决于关系的强度，而且取决于用于测量环境暴露的地理编码的位置准确性和完整性。本文总结了模拟研究的结果，以检查三种类型的地理编码过程中产生的地理编码地址的不准确性的影响：a）位于正射影像地图上的地址，B）地址匹配TIGER文件（美国人口普查或其衍生的街道文件），以及，c）地址从E-911地理编码（由地方当局制定的紧急调度目的）。使用其他更常用的地理编码过程（如TIGER和E-911），可以充分恢复使用最高质量地理编码建模的暴露模拟疾病几率;然而，地理编码建模的疾病暴露之间的几率关系的强度通常随着地理编码准确性的降低而下降。虽然这些具体的结果不能推广到新的情况下，用于确定结果的灵敏度的方法可以在新的情况下使用。位置准确性的估计措施必须用于解释分析结果，调查健康结果和在居住地点测量的暴露之间的关系。与本文所采用的分析类似的分析可用于验证使用地理编码位置和位置精度估计测量的经验分析结果的解释。
This research develops methods for determining the effect of geocoding quality on relationships between environmental exposures and health. The likelihood of detecting an existing relationship – statistical power – between measures of environmental exposures and health depends not only on the strength of the relationship but also on the level of positional accuracy and completeness of the geocodes from which the measures of environmental exposure are made. This paper summarizes the results of simulation studies conducted to examine the impact of inaccuracies of geocoded addresses generated by three types of geocoding processes: a) addresses located on orthophoto maps, b) addresses matched to TIGER files (U.S Census or their derivative street files); and, c) addresses from E-911 geocodes (developed by local authorities for emergency dispatch purposes). The simulated odds of disease using exposures modelled from the highest quality geocodes could be sufficiently recovered using other, more commonly used, geocoding processes such as TIGER and E-911; however, the strength of the odds relationship between disease exposures modelled at geocodes generally declined with decreasing geocoding accuracy. Although these specific results cannot be generalized to new situations, the methods used to determine the sensitivity of results can be used in new situations. Estimated measures of positional accuracy must be used in the interpretation of results of analyses that investigate relationships between health outcomes and exposures measured at residential locations. Analyses similar to those employed in this paper can be used to validate interpretation of results from empirical analyses that use geocoded locations with estimated measures of positional accuracy.