Chronic rejection as a persisting phantom menace in organ transplantation: a new hope in the microbiota?
Chronic rejection as a persisting phantom menace in organ transplantation: a new hope in the microbiota?
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DOI：
10.1097/mot.0000000000000929
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Bromberg JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mongodin EF;Saxena V;Iyyathurai J;Lakhan R;Ma B;Silverman E;Lee ZL;Bromberg JS
微生物群在健康和疾病中起着重要作用。在器官移植过程中，微生物群的扰动影响移植结果。本文综述了近年来微生物群特征的研究进展，以及微生物群及其代谢产物对肠上皮屏障功能、粘膜和全身免疫的调节。我们讨论了这些相互作用对移植结果的影响。宏基因组方法已经帮助研究界识别有益和有害的生物体。微生物群调节肠上皮功能。上皮细胞或微生物群释放的信号触发先天和适应性免疫细胞的促炎或抗炎作用，影响免疫系统的结构和功能。微生物群的评估和操作可用于诊断、预后和治疗的生物标志物。微生物群与免疫系统之间的双向对话是影响免疫的主要因素。它可以成为生物标志物或治疗的目标。最近的研究强调了移植结果与微生物群的密切联系，为宿主生理学和器官移植的管理提供了令人兴奋的潜在途径。
The microbiota plays an important role in health and disease. During organ transplantation perturbations in microbiota influence transplant outcome. We review recent advances in characterizing microbiota and studies on regulation of intestinal epithelial barrier function and mucosal and systemic immunity by microbiota and their metabolites. We discuss implications of these interactions on transplant outcomes. Metagenomic approaches have helped the research community identify beneficial and harmful organisms. Microbiota regulates intestinal epithelial functions. Signals released by epithelial cells or microbiota trigger pro- or anti-inflammatory effects on innate and adaptive immune cells, influencing the structure and function of the immune system. Assessment and manipulation of microbiota can be used for biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. The bidirectional dialogue between the microbiota and immune system is a major influence on immunity. It can be targeted for biomarkers or therapy. Recent studies highlight a close association of transplant outcomes with microbiota, suggesting exciting potential avenues for management of host physiology and organ transplantation.