Progress and Challenges of Wheat Production in the Era of Climate Change: A Bangladesh Perspective
Progress and Challenges of Wheat Production in the Era of Climate Change: A Bangladesh Perspective
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-13-6883-7_24
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Barma;A. Hossain;M. A. Hakim;K. Mottaleb;M. A. Alam;M. A. Reza;M. Rohman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Barma;A. Hossain;M. A. Hakim;K. Mottaleb;M. A. Alam;M. A. Reza;M. Rohman
在孟加拉国，小麦被认为是仅次于大米的第二大主食。虽然孟加拉国是主要的大米消费国之一，人均大米消费量为171公斤，但孟加拉国的小麦消费量多年来一直在急剧增加。从1961年到2013年，孟加拉国的人均小麦摄入量从8.62公斤增加到17.47公斤，增加了102%。目前，孟加拉国主要依赖进口来满足激增的需求。2011-2013年，孟加拉国平均进口了286万吨小麦，价值9.574亿美元。仅在2018年，就进口了约700万吨小麦，占国内生产和进口小麦供应总量的近80%。预计孟加拉国今后的小麦摄入量将进一步增加，因为收入增加和快速城市化导致生活方式发生变化。因此，孟加拉国未来必须供应更多的小麦，以确保孟加拉国不断增长的人口的粮食需求。与此同时，孟加拉国的可持续小麦生产除了受到小麦与其他冬季作物竞争的威胁外，还受到若干压力（生物和非生物）的威胁。本章强调了在气候变化情况下小麦种植的主要制约因素和可能改进的技术前景，并提供了孟加拉国与全球变暖有关的小麦研究的最新和全面的信息。因此，本章将允许小麦研究人员在孟加拉国制定一个全面的新育种和管理计划，以减轻未来的全球变暖，特别是最近出现的小麦稻瘟病在孟加拉国，包括南亚。
In Bangladesh after rice, wheat is considered the second most important staple cereal. Although Bangladesh is one of the principal rice-consuming countries with per capita consumption of rice 171 kg year−1, the consumption of wheat in Bangladesh has intensely increased over the years. From the year 1961 to 2013, the annual per capita wheat intake in Bangladesh has increased by 102% from 8.62 to 17.47 kg. Currently, Bangladesh mostly relies on import to meet surging demand. During 2011–2013, triennium average, Bangladesh imported 2.86 million tons of wheat worth of USD 957.4 million. During 2018 only, about 7.0 million tons of wheat has been imported, which is nearly 80% of the total wheat supplied in the country consisting of domestic production and import. It is anticipated that wheat intake will be further increased in Bangladesh in the future, due to the changes in lifestyle which stems from an increase in income and speedy urbanization. It is therefore imperative to supply more wheat in Bangladesh in the future to ensure food demand of growing population in Bangladesh. At the same time, sustainable wheat production in Bangladesh is threatened by several stresses (biotic and abiotic) in addition to the competition of wheat with other winter crops. The chapter has highlighted the major constraints and prospects of wheat cultivation in relation to possible improved technologies under changing climate and provided an up-to-date and comprehensive information on the wheat research of Bangladesh in relation to global warming. This chapter will thus allow wheat researchers to make a comprehensive new breeding and management programs in Bangladesh to mitigate future global warming, especially for recently emerged wheat blast disease in Bangladesh including South Asia.