Roles of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Roles of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom5031563
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发表时间：
2015-07-21
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Ota T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu L;Kitade H;Ni Y;Ota T
大量证据表明，肥胖是一种低度慢性炎症状态，可触发脂肪组织释放脂类、异常脂肪因子、促炎细胞因子和几种趋化因子。这种低度炎症是胰岛素抵抗和相关代谢合并症发展的基础，如2型糖尿病(T2 DM)和非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)。在这一发展过程中，脂肪组织巨噬细胞通过趋化因子(C-C基序)受体2积聚，该受体的配体单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)被认为在胰岛素抵抗的发生发展中起关键作用。到目前为止，趋化因子系统由大约40个趋化因子和20个趋化因子受体组成，它们属于七个跨膜G蛋白偶联受体家族，因此，趋化因子似乎表现出高度的功能冗余。在过去的二十年里，许多趋化因子及其受体的生理和病理特性已经被阐明。本综述强调趋化因子和趋化因子受体是将肥胖与胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝联系起来的关键因素。
Abundant evidence has demonstrated that obesity is a state of low-grade chronic inflammation that triggers the release of lipids, aberrant adipokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and several chemokines from adipose tissue. This low-grade inflammation underlies the development of insulin resistance and associated metabolic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). During this development, adipose tissue macrophages accumulate through chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 and the ligand for this receptor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), is considered to be pivotal for the development of insulin resistance. To date, the chemokine system is known to be comprised of approximately 40 chemokines and 20 chemokine receptors that belong to the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family and, as a result, chemokines appear to exhibit a high degree of functional redundancy. Over the past two decades, the physiological and pathological properties of many of these chemokines and their receptors have been elucidated. The present review highlights chemokines and chemokine receptors as key contributing factors that link obesity to insulin resistance, T2DM, and NAFLD.