Cell proliferation is necessary for the regeneration of oral structures in the anthozoan cnidarian Nematostella vectensis.
Cell proliferation is necessary for the regeneration of oral structures in the anthozoan cnidarian Nematostella vectensis.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-213x-12-34
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发表时间：
2012-12-04
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martindale MQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Passamaneck YJ;Martindale MQ
细胞增殖对再生的贡献在不同的后生动物模型之间变化很大。Planarians依赖于多能neoblast和两栖动物肢体再生取决于增殖芽基的形成，而水螅再生可以发生在细胞增殖的情况下。最近，刺胞动物Nematostella vectensis已经显示出作为再生研究模型的潜力，因为它能够在胚胎发育、无性生殖和再生过程中进行图案化的比较研究。本研究探讨了口腔结构再生过程中细胞增殖的模式以及细胞增殖在这一过程中的作用。在完整的息肉中，在整个口-背口轴的外胚层和内胚层组织中观察到细胞增殖，包括在触角和囊泡中。在对分之后，在离口碎片的伤口部位处的增殖最初几乎没有变化，然而，在截肢后18至24小时开始，在离口碎片的伤口部位处的细胞增殖急剧增加。这种高水平的增殖在口腔结构的整个过程或再生过程中保持，包括触须、嘴和咽。用细胞增殖抑制剂羟基脲和诺考达唑治疗表明，细胞增殖对于口腔结构的再生是不可或缺的。虽然诺考达唑对再生的抑制作用通常是不可逆的，但二次截肢可重新启动细胞增殖和再生。该研究发现，高水平的细胞增殖是Nematostella口腔结构再生的特征，并且这种细胞增殖对于再生的适当进展是必要的。因此，虽然细胞增殖有助于再生的口部结构在Nematostella和水螅，Nematostella缺乏能力进行补偿morphallactic模式的再生特点水螅。我们的研究结果与截肢激活空间接近伤口部位的有丝分裂干细胞的静止群体一致，这些干细胞形成再生结构。
The contribution of cell proliferation to regeneration varies greatly between different metazoan models. Planarians rely on pluripotent neoblasts and amphibian limb regeneration depends upon formation of a proliferative blastema, while regeneration in Hydra can occur in the absence of cell proliferation. Recently, the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis has shown potential as a model for studies of regeneration because of the ability to conduct comparative studies of patterning during embryonic development, asexual reproduction, and regeneration. The present study investigates the pattern of cell proliferation during the regeneration of oral structures and the role of cell proliferation in this process. In intact polyps, cell proliferation is observed in both ectodermal and endodermal tissues throughout the entire oral-aboral axis, including in the tentacles and physa. Following bisection, there is initially little change in proliferation at the wound site of the aboral fragment, however, beginning 18 to 24 hours after amputation there is a dramatic increase in cell proliferation at the wound site in the aboral fragment. This elevated level of proliferation is maintained throughout the course or regeneration of oral structures, including the tentacles, the mouth, and the pharynx. Treatments with the cell proliferation inhibitors hydroxyurea and nocodazole demonstrate that cell proliferation is indispensable for the regeneration of oral structures. Although inhibition of regeneration by nocodazole was generally irreversible, secondary amputation reinitiates cell proliferation and regeneration. The study has found that high levels of cell proliferation characterize the regeneration of oral structures in Nematostella, and that this cell proliferation is necessary for the proper progression of regeneration. Thus, while cell proliferation contributes to regeneration of oral structures in both Nematostella and Hydra, Nematostella lacks the ability to undergo the compensatory morphallactic mode of regeneration that characterizes Hydra. Our results are consistent with amputation activating a quiescent population of mitotically competent stem cells in spatial proximity to the wound site, which form the regenerated structures.