Vertical space utilization by urban birds and their relationship to electric poles and wires

Vertical space utilization by urban birds and their relationship to electric poles and wires
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城市鸟类的垂直空间利用及其与电线杆的关系

DOI:
10.1007/s11355-021-00479-2
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Mikami Osamu K.
Mikami Osamu K.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mikami Katsura;Morimoto Gen;Ueno Yusuke;Mikami Osamu K.

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生活在城市地区的鸟类使用各种人造结构。许多人造结构,如房屋、电线杆和电线,都被用作“栖息之处”。城市鸟类的高度(垂直空间利用)可能受到这些结构的高度的影响。我们调查了北海道函馆市的城市空间中鸟类如何利用以及利用了哪些高度,以及它们是否与电线杆和电线有关。构建决策树,分析三种鸟类(树雀、岩鸽、腐肉鸦、大喙鸦和扁背鸥)、季节和高层建筑数量的差异如何解释观察到的以下三类鸟类高度;l区(0 ~ 4.8 m)、e区(4.8 ~ 14.5 m)、h区(均大于14.5 m)。与身高密切相关的解释变量组合在物种之间存在差异。虽然食腐鸦和树麻雀最常使用电线杆和电线的高度,但它们的使用模式不同。对于这两个物种来说,e区不仅是栖息的地方,也是展示繁殖行为的重要场所。了解鸟类在城市地区的垂直空间利用情况,可能有助于避免未来发生涉及无人机的事故。
Birds living in urban areas use various human-made structures. Many artificial structures such as houses, electric poles, and electric wires are used as “perches”. The height of urban birds (vertical space utilization) may be affected by the height of these structures are. We investigated how and which height birds utilize in the urban space in Hakodate City in Hokkaido, and whether they are related to the electric poles and wires. A decision tree was constructed to analyze how differences in species (Tree Sparrow, Rock Dove, Carrion Crow, Large-billed Crow, and Slaty-backed Gull.), seasons, and in the numbers of high-rise buildings explained the observed heights of birds in the following three categories; L-zone (0–4.8 m), E-zone (4.8–14.5 m), and H-zone (all ranges higher than 14.5 m). The combination of explanatory variables that were strongly related to height differed among species. Although Carrion Crows and Tree Sparrows most frequently used heights with electric poles and wires, their usage patterns were different. For both species, the E-zone was used not only as merely a perching place but also as an important place where behaviors related to reproduction were exhibited. Knowing the vertical space utilization of birds in urban areas may help avoid future accidents involving unmanned aerial vehicles.
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