A Flexible, Robust, and Gel-Free Electroencephalogram Electrode for Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
A Flexible, Robust, and Gel-Free Electroencephalogram Electrode for Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02019
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Wu, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, Sen;Liu, Junchen;Wu, Hui
脑机接口（BCI）使大脑和电子设备之间的直接和近乎即时的通信成为可能。剩下的最大挑战之一是开发一种有效的非侵入性BCI，允许记录电极避开人类皮肤上的毛发，而不会使用导电凝胶带来的不便和并发症。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种具有成本效益，易于制造，灵活，坚固，无凝胶银纳米线/聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）/三聚氰胺海绵（AgPMS）脑电图（EEG）电极，避免了头发的问题。由于银纳米线（AgNW）的表面金属化，海绵具有917 S/m的高电导率，而其重量保持不变。柔性海绵框架和自锁AgNW结合联合收割机，使新电极具有出色的机械稳定性（在10%压缩下10000次循环后电导率保持不变）和绕过毛发的能力。基于无毛皮肤上的稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）测量的BCI应用表明，新电极的BCI准确性（86%）与由导电凝胶支撑的传统电极（88%）大致相同。最重要的是，AgPMS在有毛皮肤上的性能没有显著降低，这表明新电极可以取代传统电极用于无毛和有毛皮肤BCI和其他EEG应用。
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct and near-instant communication between the brain and electronic devices. One of the biggest remaining challenges is to develop an effective noninvasive BCI that allows the recording electrodes to avoid hair on human skin without the inconveniences and complications of using a conductive gel. In this study, we developed a cost-effective, easily manufacturable, flexible, robust, and gel-free silver nanowire/polyvinyl butyral (PVB)/melamine sponge (AgPMS) electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode that circumvents problems with hair. Because of surface metallization by the silver nanowires (AgNWs), the sponge has a high conductivity of 917 S/m while its weight remains the same. The flexible sponge framework and self-locking AgNWs combine to give the new electrode remarkable mechanical stability (the conductivity remains unchanged after 10 000 cycles at 10% compression) and the ability to bypass hair. A BCI application based on steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) measurements on hairless skin shows that the BCI accuracy of the new electrode (86%) is approximately the same as that of conventional electrodes supported by a conductive gel (88%). Most importantly, the performance of the AgPMS on hairy skin is not significantly reduced, which indicates that the new electrode can replace conventional electrodes for both hairless and hairy skin BCIs and other EEG applications.