Myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis
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DOI：
10.20453/rnp.v80i4.3239
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Meza-Vega, María
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Castro-Suarez, Sheila;Caparó-Zamalloa, César;Meza-Vega, María
重症肌无力（MG）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征在于疲劳和局部或全身性肌无力，具有近端优势和波动性病程;这些症状源于抗乙酰胆碱抗体和其他突触后膜蛋白的抗体对神经肌肉传递的突触后阻滞。发病率为每百万人8至10例，患病率为每百万人150至250例;然而，这些数字在所研究的不同人群中有所不同。MG的诊断是基于临床表现和测试的阳性结果，如特异性抗体，神经生理学测试或治疗干预。寻找相关的病理应该是评价的一个重要组成部分。治疗基于三大支柱：使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂（吡啶斯的明）、免疫治疗（皮质类固醇或免疫抑制剂/免疫调节剂）和手术治疗（胸腺切除术）。
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by fatigue and localized or generalized muscle weakness, with proximal predominance and fluctuating course; these symptoms stem from the post-synaptic blockade of neuromuscular transmission by antibodies against anti-acetylcholine antibodies and other post-synaptic membrane proteins. The incidence is 8 to 10 cases per million people, and the prevalence of 150 to 250 cases per million; however these figures vary in the different populations studied. The diagnosis of MG is based on the clinical manifestations and positive results of tests such as specific antibodies, neurophysiological tests or therapeutic interventions. The search for associated pathologies should be an important component of the evaluation. The treatment is based on three pillars: use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (pyridostigmine), immunotherapy (corticosteroids or immunosuppressants / immunomodulators) and surgical management (thymectomy).