The nucleocapsid proteins of mouse hepatitis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus share the same IFN-β antagonizing mechanism: attenuation of PACT-mediated RIG-I/ MDA5 activation.

The nucleocapsid proteins of mouse hepatitis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus share the same IFN-β antagonizing mechanism: attenuation of PACT-mediated RIG-I/ MDA5 activation.
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小鼠肝炎病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒的核衣壳蛋白具有相同的 IFN-β 拮抗机制:减弱 PACT 介导的 RIG-I/MDA5 激活

DOI:
10.18632/oncotarget.17912
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发表时间:
2017-07-25
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Xiao S
Xiao S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ding Z;Fang L;Yuan S;Zhao L;Wang X;Long S;Wang M;Wang D;Foda MF;Xiao S

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冠状病毒(CoV)对人类和动物都构成巨大威胁,并且已经进化出复杂的机制来拮抗干扰素(IFN)。核衣壳(N)蛋白是冠状病毒感染细胞中最丰富的病毒蛋白,已被确定为多种冠状病毒的先天免疫拮抗剂,包括小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV)和严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)冠状病毒。然而,潜在的分子机制仍不清楚。在这项研究中,我们发现 MHV N 蛋白通过靶向视黄酸诱导基因 I (RIG-I) 和黑色素瘤分化基因 5 (MDA5) 上游的分子来抑制仙台病毒和聚 (I:C) 诱导的 IFN-β 产生。进一步的研究表明,MHV 和 SARS-CoV N 蛋白都直接与蛋白激酶 R 蛋白激活剂 (PACT) 相互作用,PACT 是一种细胞 dsRNA 结合蛋白,可以与 RIG-I 和 MDA5 结合以激活 IFN 产生。 N-PACT 相互作用隔离了 PACT 和 RIG-I/MDA5 的结合,进而抑制了 IFN-β 的产生。然而,猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)(也属于巢病毒目)的N蛋白不与PACT相互作用和抵消。综上所述,我们目前的研究证实,MHV 和 SARS-CoV N 蛋白都可以扰乱细胞 PACT 的功能,从而规避先天的抗病毒反应。然而,这种策略似乎并不适用于所有 CoV N 蛋白。
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a huge threat to both humans and animals and have evolved elaborate mechanisms to antagonize interferons (IFNs). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most abundant viral protein in CoV-infected cells, and has been identified as an innate immunity antagonist in several CoVs, including mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV. However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) remain unclear. In this study, we found that MHV N protein inhibited Sendai virus and poly(I:C)-induced IFN-β production by targeting a molecule upstream of retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation gene 5 (MDA5). Further studies showed that both MHV and SARS-CoV N proteins directly interacted with protein activator of protein kinase R (PACT), a cellular dsRNA-binding protein that can bind to RIG-I and MDA5 to activate IFN production. The N–PACT interaction sequestered the association of PACT and RIG-I/MDA5, which in turn inhibited IFN-β production. However, the N proteins from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which are also classified in the order Nidovirales, did not interact and counteract with PACT. Taken together, our present study confirms that both MHV and SARS-CoV N proteins can perturb the function of cellular PACT to circumvent the innate antiviral response. However, this strategy does not appear to be used by all CoVs N proteins.
冠状病毒的核衣壳蛋白在哺乳动物细胞中充当 RNA 沉默的病毒抑制剂。
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