The emerging role of non-coding RNA in essential hypertension and blood pressure regulation
The emerging role of non-coding RNA in essential hypertension and blood pressure regulation
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DOI：
10.1038/jhh.2014.99
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Francine Z. Marques;S. Booth;Fadi J Charchar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Francine Z. Marques;S. Booth;Fadi J Charchar
揭示高血压（BP）的完全遗传易感性已被证明是具有挑战性的。这个谜题和基因组编码区占整个人类DNA不到2%的事实支持了编码基因之外的遗传机制可能参与BP调控的假设。非编码rna （ncRNAs）正在成为健康和疾病状态中转录调控的关键角色。它们控制着几乎所有与心血管系统相关的细胞类型的基本功能，因此，它们极有可能直接参与血压调节。在这里，我们回顾了ncrna与人类BP和原发性高血压相关的文献，重点介绍了该领域的研究、方法和困难。到目前为止，研究最多的ncrna是microrna (mirna)，这是一种通过转录后机制调节基因表达的小ncrna。我们讨论了在生物体液（如血液和尿液）和组织（如血管平滑肌细胞和肾脏）中检测与BP相关的mirna的研究。此外，我们回顾了miRNA结合位点与BP相关基因单核苷酸多态性之间的相互作用。总之，显然需要更多的人体和功能研究来帮助阐明ncrna的多方面作用，特别是中长ncrna在BP调控中的作用。
Unravelling the complete genetic predisposition to high blood pressure (BP) has proven to be challenging. This puzzle and the fact that coding regions of the genome account for less than 2% of the entire human DNA support the hypothesis that genetic mechanism besides coding genes are likely to contribute to BP regulation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key players of transcription regulation in both health and disease states. They control basic functions in virtually all cell types relevant to the cardiovascular system and, thus, a direct involvement with BP regulation is highly probable. Here, we review the literature about ncRNAs associated with human BP and essential hypertension, highlighting investigations, methodology and difficulties arising in the field. The most investigated ncRNAs so far are microRNAs (miRNAs), small ncRNAs that modulate gene expression by posttranscriptional mechanisms. We discuss studies that have examined miRNAs associated with BP in biological fluids, such as blood and urine, and tissues, such as vascular smooth muscle cells and the kidney. Furthermore, we review the interaction between miRNA binding sites and single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with BP. In conclusion, there is a clear need for more human and functional studies to help elucidate the multifaceted roles of ncRNAs, in particular mid-and long ncRNAs in BP regulation.