Rwanda's first refugees: Tutsi exile and international response 1959–64
Rwanda's first refugees: Tutsi exile and international response 1959–64
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卢旺达的第一批难民：图西族流亡和国际反应 1959-64
DOI：
10.1080/17531055.2012.669571
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
K. Long
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Long
1962年卢旺达脱离比利时独立时，已有20万卢旺达图西族人流亡邻国。本文以英国档案为基础，追溯了国际社会对乌干达难民危机的反应，认为这种流离失所的政治微妙之处往往被忽视。英国官员对1959年图西族大逃亡的焦虑反应主要是出于对乌干达非殖民化的担忧。然而，在1962年独立后，卢旺达人很快被乌干达行动者重新想象，这些人以前支持他们留在该领土的权利，认为这是对乌干达国民身份的威胁。这种对图西族精英的政治排斥促使越来越多的难民军事化，然而，由此产生的因扬兹袭击只进一步为国际社会在应对卢旺达危机时采取人道主义路线而不是政治路线提供了理由。这篇文章的结论是，认识到早期难民流动和国际社会对这场危机的反应的复杂性是很重要的。这样的研究允许对围绕卢旺达流亡和返回历史的流行叙述进行更批判性的分析，并强调国际难民保护政策可能在造成旷日持久的难民危机中发挥的作用。
Abstract By the time Rwanda gained independence from Belgium in 1962, 200,000 Rwandan Tutsi had left to seek exile in neighbouring states. Drawing on British archives, this article traces international responses to this refugee crisis in Uganda, arguing that the political subtleties of this displacement are often overlooked. British officials' anxious responses to the Tutsi exodus in 1959 were dominated above all by concern for Ugandan decolonisation. Yet after independence in 1962, the Rwandans were quickly re-imagined by Ugandan actors who had previously supported their right to remain in the territory as a threat to Ugandan national citizenship. This political exclusion of the Tutsi elite prompted increasing refugee militarisation, yet the resulting inyenzi raids only provided further justification for the international community to pursue a humanitarian rather than a political course in responding to the Rwandan crisis. The article concludes that recognising the complexities of this early refugee movement and international responses to the crisis is important. Such study allows a more critical analysis of prevalent narratives around histories of exile and return in Rwanda, and underlines the role that international refugee protection policies may play in creating protracted refugee crises.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Long
通讯作者：
Long