Current concepts of HIV transmission.
Current concepts of HIV transmission.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11904-007-0005-x
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Robbiani, Melissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrow, Gavin;Vachot, Laurence;Robbiani, Melissa
上皮细胞表面是抵抗HIV的有效屏障。各种粘膜表面具有帮助防止病毒传播的特定机制。然而，艾滋病毒设法跨越这些障碍，建立感染，这是加强在身体创伤或预先存在的性传播感染的存在。一旦被破坏，病毒就会进入许多细胞，如树突状细胞、T细胞和存在于下层上皮细胞中的巨噬细胞。虽然这些细胞应该有助于对感染的先天性和适应性免疫，但它们也可以作为HIV的容许靶点，并有助于感染的启动和传播。了解各种粘膜表面及其内的细胞如何对HIV的存在作出反应，对于设计有助于预防HIV传播的治疗剂至关重要。
The epithelial surface acts as an effective barrier against HIV. The various mucosal surfaces possess specific mechanisms that help prevent the transmission of virus. Yet, HIV manages to cross these barriers to establish infection, and this is enhanced in the presence of physical trauma or pre-existing sexually transmitted infections. Once breached, the virus accesses numerous cells such as dendritic cells, T cells, and macrophages present in the underlying epithelia. Although these cells should contribute to innate and adaptive immunity to infection, they also serve as permissive targets to HIV and help in the initiation and dissemination of infection. Understanding how the various mucosal surfaces, and the cells within them, respond to the presence of HIV is essential in the design of therapeutic agents that will help to prevent HIV transmission.