Admixture between historically isolated mitochondrial lineages in captive Western gorillas: recommendations for future management.
Admixture between historically isolated mitochondrial lineages in captive Western gorillas: recommendations for future management.
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圈养西方大猩猩历史上分离的线粒体谱系之间的混合：未来管理的建议。
DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esv006
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anthony,NicolaM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Soto-Calderón,IvánD;Dew,JLarry;Bergl,RichardA;Jensen-Seaman,MichaelI;Anthony,NicolaM
虽然圈养的西部大猩猩种群在美国已经维持了世纪，但人们对目前动物园种群的地理起源和遗传组成知之甚少。此外，虽然以前的线粒体分析表明，自由放养的大猩猩种群表现出很大的区域分化，没有什么是已知的程度，这种变化已被保存在圈养种群。为了解决这些问题，我们结合了379个系谱记录和52个线粒体序列的数据，以推断个体单倍群的隶属关系，野生创始人的地理来源和美国圈养大猩猩种群单倍群之间的杂交繁殖。我们表明，目前圈养的人口包含所有主要的线粒体谱系内发现野生西部低地大猩猩。单倍型多样性的水平也与野生种群中发现的水平相当。然而，大多数圈养大猩猩的交配发生在具有不同单倍群关系的个体之间。虽然限制杂交到同一单倍群内的个体可以保护野生种群的地理结构，但需要对圈养种群进行仔细管理，以最大限度地减少漂移和近亲繁殖的风险。然而，当圈养动物被释放回野外时，我们建议应努力保护自然的地理结构。
Although captive populations of western gorilla have been maintained in the United States for over a century, little is known about the geographic origins and genetic composition of the current zoo population. Furthermore, although previous mitochondrial analyses have shown that free-range gorilla populations exhibit substantial regional differentiation, nothing is known of the extent to which this variation has been preserved in captive populations. To address these questions, we combined 379 pedigree records with data from 52 mitochondrial sequences to infer individual haplogroup affiliations, geographical origin of wild founders and instances of inter-breeding between haplogroups in the United States captive gorilla population. We show that the current captive population contains all major mitochondrial lineages found within wild western lowland gorillas. Levels of haplotype diversity are also comparable to those found in wild populations. However, the majority of captive gorilla matings have occurred between individuals with different haplogroup affiliations. Although restricting crosses to individuals within the same haplogroup would preserve the phylogeographic structure present in the wild, careful management of captive populations is required to minimize the risk of drift and inbreeding. However, when captive animals are released back into the wild, we recommend that efforts should be made to preserve natural phylogeographic structure.