The effects of moisture and oxygen availability on rhizomorph generation by Armillaria tabescens in comparison with A. gallica and A. mellea
The effects of moisture and oxygen availability on rhizomorph generation by Armillaria tabescens in comparison with A. gallica and A. mellea
复制标题
与高卢蜜环菌和蜜环菌相比，水分和氧气利用率对油蜜环菌根形生成的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0953756202005920
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
T. Leininger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Mihail;J. Bruhn;T. Leininger
与其他蜜环菌属植物相比，天然黑变的蜜环菌菌型具有明显的优势。tabescens很少被观察到。在高压灭菌的葡萄属茎段中生长，A.来自美国中部欧扎克山脉的tabescens分离物形成了完全黑化的根型，比在田间条件下观察到的其他蜜环菌属物种的根型更细、更短，并且仅在高氧可用性（102 μ g cm −2 min −1）和接近饱和的水分条件下。在适宜的条件下，比较了A. tabescens、灰斑拟步行虫A. gallica和A. Mellea，在北美中部具有重叠的宿主和地理范围。A. tabescens的茎节长度显著短于其它两种，A. gallica和A. tabescens产生相似数量的根索原始细胞。最后，我们证明了黑化A。tabescens rhizomorphs跨越木本食物基地，从而通过穿透葡萄属茎段的完整树皮建立可行的感染。我们假设A. tabescensrhizomorphs在周期性饱和的条件下形成，这促进了水分通过土壤中天然存在的空隙的快速移动。因此，A.在真菌的蔓延tabescens根茎应重新评估。
Compared with other Armillaria species, natural melanized rhizomorphs of A. tabescens are rarely observed. Growing in autoclaved Vitis stem segments, A. tabescens isolates from the Ozark Mountains in the central USA formed fully melanized rhizomorphs, thinner and shorter than those observed for other Armillaria species under field conditions, and only under conditions of both high oxygen availability, ζ2 ug cm −2 min −1 and moisture near saturation. Conducive conditions were used to compare the rhizomorph generation capacities of A. tabescens, A. gallica , and A. mellea , which have overlapping host and geographic ranges in central North America. While the rhizomorphs of A. tabescens were significantly shorter than those of the other two species, A. gallica and A. tabescens produced similar numbers of rhizomorph initials. Finally, we demonstrated the ability of melanized A. tabescens rhizomorphs to span woody food bases and thereby establish viable infections by penetration of intact bark of Vitis stem segments. We hypothesize that A. tabescens rhizomorphs form under conditions of periodic saturation which promote rapid water movement through naturally occurring lacunae in the soil. Thus, the role of A. tabescens rhizomorphs in the spread of the fungus should be re-evaluated.