Development of a Basin Geomorphic Information System Using a TIN-DEM Data Structure
Development of a Basin Geomorphic Information System Using a TIN-DEM Data Structure
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.1994.tb03268.x
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发表时间：
1992-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Y. Tachikawa;M. Shiiba;T. Takasao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Tachikawa;M. Shiiba;T. Takasao
为了建立分布式降雨径流模型，建立一个考虑水流流向的流域地形模型是非常重要的。本文介绍了一个用于水文模拟的地理信息系统--流域地貌信息系统，该系统采用TIN-DEM(三角不规则网络-数字高程模型)数据结构来模拟流域。BGIS有两个核心系统，即TIN-DEM生成系统和地形分析系统。在TIN-DEM生成系统中，景观被建模为一组连续的不重叠的三角面片，其顶点由规则格网DEM上的点和河段上的点组成。如果需要的话，这些三角形面会被细分，这样每一个面都只有一个侧面，水通过它流出。该TIN-DEM生成系统由4个模块组成，(1)由格网DEM生成三角形模块，(2)去坑模块，(3)不连续河谷段与河网连接模块，(4)三角面片剖分模块。在地形分析系统中，利用TIN-DEM生成系统处理的数据集，自动划定河流网络中任何段的分水岭源区，并计算坡度、坡向、水流路径长度和上坡贡献区的地形属性。
: To make a distributed rainfall-runoff model, it is very important to build a model of topographic surface of a basin which takes account of the direction of water flow. In this paper, a geographic information system in hydrologic modeling, the BGIS (Basin Geomorphic Information Systems) are presented for modeling a river basin using a TIN-DEM (Triangulated Irregular Network - Digital Elevation Model) data structure. The BGIS have two core systems, which are the TIN-DEM generating system and the topographic analysis system. In the TIN-DEM generating system, landscapes are modeled as a set of contiguous non-overlapping terangular facets whose vertices are made up of points on a regular grid DEM and on river segments. These triangular facets are subdivided, if needed, so that each of them has only one side through which water flows out. The TIN-DEM generating system is made up of four modules, (1) a module for generating triangles from a grid DEM, (2) a module for getting rid of pits, (3) a module for joining discontinuous valley segments to a channel network, (4) a module for subdividing triangular facets. In the topographic analysis system, using datasets processed with the TIN-DEM generating system, a watershed source area for any segments in a stream network are delineated automatically, and topographic attributes of slopes, aspects, flow path lengths and upslope contributing areas are computed.