VORTEX STABILIZATION IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE OF ALKALI-METAL ATOM GAS

VORTEX STABILIZATION IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE OF ALKALI-METAL ATOM GAS
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碱金属原子气体玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的涡流稳定性

DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Machida
K. Machida
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Isoshima;K. Machida

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碱金属原子气体玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)中的量子化涡旋在零温下本质上是不稳定的。我们从理论上考察了涡旋的两种稳定机制。(I)有限温度效应可以稳定涡旋。(Ii)在涡旋中心可能由聚焦的激光束产生的附加钉扎势，即使在零温度下也能使其稳定。采用简谐势约束下BEC的平均场计算。给出了稳定涡旋的详细性质，如凝聚态和非凝聚态的空间分布、核心周围的粒子电流密度、整个激发谱以及它们与温度的关系。
A quantized vortex in Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of an alkali-metal atom gas is known to be unstable intrinsically at zero temperature. We examine two stabilization mechanisms of a vortex theoretically. (i) The finite temperature effect is shown to stabilize a vortex. (ii) An additional pinning potential, which may be produced by a focused laser beam at the vortex center, is also shown to stabilize it even at zero temperature. The mean-field calculation for BEC confined by a harmonic potential is employed. The detailed properties of a stable vortex are given, such as the spatial profiles of the condensate and noncondensate, the particle current density around the core, the whole excitation spectrum, and their temperature dependence.