Genetics of fruit body production in higher basidiomycetes
Genetics of fruit body production in higher basidiomycetes
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高等担子菌子实体产生的遗传学
DOI：
10.1007/bf00268384
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Esser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Stahl;K. Esser
1.在猪苓（多孔菌科）中，双核子实体是由同源不亲和的四极机制控制的。2.在其他全担子菌科中已知的交配型因子A和B的亚基的出现无法得到证实。如果存在亚基，它们的距离必须小于 0.2 个图谱单位。3.单核子实体发生在严格的单倍体阶段。子实体中具有两个孢子的担子的发育不需要核配或减数分裂。4.遗传分析表明，单个基因(fi+/fi)负责单核发育的启动。其他基因控制子实体的形状（fb+/fb）及其育性（mod+/mod）。5.单核子实体在两个方面与双核子实体密切相关。一方面，B因子是双核子实体控制系统的一部分，当两个伴侣对于B因子都是异源时，B因子会阻止单核子实体。另一方面，尽管事实上单核子实体在双核中受到抑制，但figene控制着双核子实体的形成。等位基因+增强子实体产量，而等位基因可能完全抑制子实体产量。6.从蘑菇进化和协同育种的角度讨论了不亲和因子、单核子实体基因和异源不亲和基因的作用和相互作用。
1.InPolyporus ciliatus(Polyporaceae) dikaryotic fruiting is controlled by the tetrapolar mechanism of homogenic incompatibility.2.The occurrence of subunits of the mating type factorsAandB, known in other Holobasidiomycetidae, could not be proved. If subunits are present, their distance must be less than 0.2 map units.3.Monokaryotic fruiting occurs in a strictly haploid phase. Neither karyogamy nor meiosis is required in the fruit bodies for the development of basidia having two spores.4.Genetic analysis has revealed that for the initiation of monokaryotic fruting a single gene (fi+/fi) is responsible. Additional genes control the shape of the fruit bodies (fb+/fb) and its fertility (mod+/mod).5.Monokaryotic fruiting is closely correlated with dikaryotic fruiting in two ways. On the one hand theBfactors, part of the controlling system for dikaryotic fruiting, block monokaryotic fruiting when both partners are heterogenic for the B factor. On the other hand, despite the fact that monokaryotic fruiting is suppressed in a dikaryon, thefigene controls the formation of dikaryotic fruit bodies. The allelefi+enhances fruit body production whereas the allelefimay inhibit fruit body production completely.6.The action and interaction of the incompatibility factors, the genes responsible for monokaryotic fruiting and the genes causing heterogenic incompatibility is discussed with respect to evolution and concerted breeding of mushrooms.