Characteristics associated with the diversion of controlled medications among adolescents
Characteristics associated with the diversion of controlled medications among adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.004
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Boyd, Carol J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCabe, Sean Esteban;West, Brady T.;Boyd, Carol J.
背景：本研究的目的是估计四类受控药物(疼痛、兴奋剂、抗焦虑和睡眠)在青少年中的终生转用(即交易、销售、赠送或出借)的发生率，并了解青少年转用自己管制药物的人口学和行为特征。方法：2009-2010年间，对密歇根东南部两个学区的2744名中学生进行了一项基于网络的调查。样本包括51%的女性，65%的白人，29%的非裔美国人，4%的亚裔，1%的西班牙裔和1%的其他种族。结果：33%的学生曾开过至少一种止痛药、兴奋剂、抗焦虑药或安眠药。约有13.8%(n=117)的受控药物终生处方使用者(n=848)曾交换、出售、赠送或出借他们的药物。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，接近分流药物、处方药的非医疗使用、外化行为和非白人与控制药物分流显著相关。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，终身处方用药人群中，药物使用和滥用的几率显著高于从未转向的处方用药人群。结论：研究结果表明，约1/7的处方使用者曾在其一生中转移其受控药物。被要求转移药物和物质使用在改变其受控药物的青少年中更为普遍。仔细的评估，对受控药物的勤奋处方和监测，以及持续的患者教育，可能有助于减少药物转移。(C)2011爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the lifetime prevalence of diversion (i.e., trading, selling, giving away or loaning) of four classes of controlled medications (pain, stimulant, anti-anxiety, and sleeping) among adolescents, and to identify demographic and behavioral characteristics of adolescents who divert their own controlled medications.Methods: A web-based survey was self-administered by 2744 secondary school students from two southeastern Michigan school districts in 2009-2010. The sample consisted of 51% females, 65% Whites, 29% African-Americans, 4% Asians, 1% Hispanics and 1% from other racial categories.Results: Thirty-three percent of the students had ever been prescribed at least one controlled pain, stimulant, anti-anxiety, or sleeping medication. Approximately 13.8% (n = 117) of lifetime prescribed users of controlled medications (n = 848) had ever traded, sold, given away or loaned their medications. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that being approached to divert medications, nonmedical use of prescription medications, externalizing behaviors, and being non-White were significantly associated with the diversion of controlled medications. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of substance use and abuse for lifetime prescribed users who diverted their controlled medications were significantly greater than prescribed users who never diverted.Conclusions: The findings indicate that approximately one in seven prescribed users had diverted their controlled medications in their lifetimes. Being approached to divert medications and substance use are more prevalent among adolescents who diverted their controlled medications. Careful assessments, diligent prescribing and monitoring of controlled medications, and continual patient education could be useful in reducing medication diversion. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.