Where theories of mind meet magic: the development of children's beliefs about wishing.
Where theories of mind meet magic: the development of children's beliefs about wishing.
复制标题
心智理论与魔法的邂逅：儿童关于愿望的信念的发展。
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00042
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mandell,DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woolley,JD;Phelps,KE;Davis,DL;Mandell,DJ
在两项研究中，我们探讨了儿童对愿望的信念。在研究1中，我们收集了50名3至6岁儿童的愿望概念和对其功效的信念的初始数据，包括半结构化访谈和各种任务。结果显示，幼儿对愿望有相当多的了解，沿着的是对其功效的信念的年龄相关性下降。研究发现，父母在不同年龄段对孩子的信仰鼓励的方式并不不同，也没有发现父母在任何特定年龄段开始开始积极劝阻孩子的信仰。一个温和的关系被发现之间的环境支持的愿望和儿童的信念，其功效。在研究2中，我们继续探讨这些问题，并解决了更广泛的概念背景下，儿童表达他们的愿望信念的性质。参与者是92名3至6岁的儿童。这项研究的结果表明，孩子们可能会调和信念的愿望与日常心理-身体关系的知识，通过将这些信念更多地定位在他们的新兴信念魔法比在他们的心理理论。
In two studies, we probed children's beliefs about wishing. In Study 1, we gathered initial data on 50 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children's concepts of wishing and beliefs about its efficacy, with both a semistructured interview and a variety of tasks. Results revealed considerable knowledge about wishing in young children, along with an age‐related decrease in beliefs about its efficacy. Parents were not found to encourage differently the beliefs of children at different ages, nor were they found to begin actively discouraging such beliefs at any particular age. A moderate relation was found between environmental supports for wishing and children's beliefs in its efficacy. In Study 2, we continued to probe these issues and also address the nature of the broader conceptual context in which children situate their beliefs about wishing. Participants were 92 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children. Results of this study suggest that children may reconcile beliefs in the efficacy of wishing with knowledge about everyday mental‐physical relations by situating these beliefs more within their emerging beliefs about magic than within their theories of mind.