Effects of predictive information on pupil dilation during the evaluation of food images
Effects of predictive information on pupil dilation during the evaluation of food images
复制标题
食物图像评估过程中预测信息对瞳孔扩张的影响
DOI：
10.1109/bmeicon47515.2019.8990234
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ounjai;K.;Kobayashi;S.;& Lauwereyns;J.
在以往的研究中，预测性信息在各种认知范式中对决策有很大的影响，这一点在以往的研究中已经得到证实。关于预测性线索如何影响主观选择的感觉、知觉和情感过程，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们设计了一个评价性决策范式，以自然主义的食物图像为刺激，使用预测性线索来衡量信息处理过程中的瞳孔放大程度，以达到主观评级。在每一次试验中，我们使用一个预测性线索来产生对即将到来的目标图像的期望。线索的颜色表明了预测效度(100%或50%的可靠性)；线索的形状表明了目标图像的预测价位(无论是渴望的还是厌恶的)。我们还改变了预测线索和目标图像之间的延迟长度(1秒或9秒)。参与者被要求使用操纵杆对目标食物图像进行连续评分，范围从-10到10。结果表明，随着预测的效价的不同，对预测线索的反应不同，随着负面线索的出现，更多的瞳孔收缩。扩张不受颜色的影响。在观看目标图像的过程中，作为实际效价函数的瞳孔扩张也有显著差异，更多的是对食欲图像的收缩。作为项目类别函数的扩张性的明显矛盾可能是由于唤醒的水平，预期中的价态与实际的感觉和知觉加工具有互补或相反的功能。为了揭示这一新发现的潜在机制，还需要进一步的研究来确定唤醒与唤醒的确切关系。
It has been well established in previous research that predictive information has a large impact on decision-making in a variety of cognitive paradigms. Less is known about how predictive cues influence the sensory, perceptual and affective processes toward a subjective choice. Here, we designed an evaluative decision-making paradigm, with naturalistic food images as stimuli, using predictive cues to measure pupil dilation during information processing toward a subjective rating. In each trial, we used a predictive cue to generate an expectation about the upcoming target image. The color of the cue indicated the predictive validity (either 100% or 50% reliability); the shape of the cue indicated the predicted valence of the target image (either appetitive or aversive). We also varied the length of the delay between the predictive cue and the target image (either 1s or 9s). The participants were asked to rate the target food images on a continuous scale from -10 to 10 using a joystick. The results showed a difference in pupil dilation in response to the predictive cue as a function of the predicted valence, with more constriction following negative cues. The dilation was unaffected by color. There was also a notable difference in pupil dilation during the target image viewing as a function of the actual valence, with more constriction for appetitive images. The apparent contradiction in dilation as a function of item category may be due to the level of arousal, with complementary or opposing functions for valence during expectation versus actual sensory and perceptual processing. Future research is required to establish the exact relationship with arousal in order to uncover the underlying mechanisms of this novel finding.