Plant and soil communities are associated with the response of soil water repellency to environmental stress.
Plant and soil communities are associated with the response of soil water repellency to environmental stress.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.052
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发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. M. Seaton;Davey L. Jones;S. Creer;P. George;S. Smart;I. Lebron;G. Barrett;B. Emmett;D. Robinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. M. Seaton;Davey L. Jones;S. Creer;P. George;S. Smart;I. Lebron;G. Barrett;B. Emmett;D. Robinson
气候变暖以及平均降雨量和极端降雨量的预期变化强调了了解陆地表面如何输送和储存地表水的重要性。水在生态系统中的有效性和运动是对生物和地球物理活动的根本控制，并影响许多气候反馈。影响地表水分入渗的一个关键现象是土壤的疏水性，或称憎水性。尽管排斥性决定了水渗透的速度、体积和模式，但对于这一关键的水文过程是生物控制的还是物理化学控制的，仍然存在重大不确定性。在这里，我们表明，土壤的拒水性可能是由植物和土壤微生物群落对环境胁迫的反应的变化驱动的。我们于2013年至2016年夏季在各种温带栖息地进行了实地调查，范围涵盖耕地、草原、森林和沼泽地。我们发现，在温带生态系统中，68%的全国范围内的土壤发生了中度到极端的排斥，其中92%表现出一定的排斥。采用系统的方法，我们表明，气候变湿和低养分有效性改变了植物、细菌和真菌的群落结构，而这反过来又与土壤、植被和土地利用的大尺度梯度上土壤拒水性的增加有关。植物群落的胁迫耐受性和土壤微生物群落的相关变化与驱避能力的变化比土壤理化性质的变化更密切地联系在一起。我们的结果表明，对不同的生态系统压力有一致的反应，这将影响植物和微生物群落组成、土壤属性和水文行为。我们认为，生物群落诱导这种水文反应的能力将影响整个生态系统对环境压力的适应能力。这突出了地上和地下的相互作用在调节气候反馈和决定生态系统健康方面的关键作用。
A warming climate and expected changes in average and extreme rainfall emphasise the importance of understanding how the land surface routes and stores surface water. The availability and movement of water within an ecosystem is a fundamental control on biological and geophysical activity, and influences many climatic feedbacks. A key phenomenon influencing water infiltration into the land surface is soil hydrophobicity, or water repellency. Despite repellency dictating the speed, volume and pattern of water infiltration, there is still major uncertainty over whether this critical hydrological process is biologically or physicochemically controlled. Here we show that soil water repellency is likely driven by changes in the plant and soil microbial communities in response to environmental stressors. We carried out a field survey in the summers of 2013 to 2016 in a variety of temperate habitats ranging across arable, grassland, forest and bog sites. We found that moderate to extreme repellency occurs in 68% of soils at a national scale in temperate ecosystems, with 92% showing some repellency. Taking a systems approach, we show that a wetter climate and low nutrient availability alter plant, bacterial and fungal community structure, which in turn are associated with increased soil water repellency across a large-scale gradient of soil, vegetation and land-use. The stress tolerance of the plant community and associated changes in soil microbial communities were more closely linked to changes in repellency than soil physicochemical properties. Our results indicate that there are consistent responses to diverse ecosystem stresses that will impact plant and microbial community composition, soil properties, and hydrological behaviour. We suggest that the ability of a biological community to induce such hydrological responses will influence the resilience of the whole ecosystem to environmental stress. This highlights the crucial role of above-belowground interactions in mediating climatic feedbacks and dictating ecosystem health.