Governing the Commons
Governing the Commons
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DOI：
10.4135/9781446200964.n32
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Lam
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文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Lam
世界各地的个人、社区和国家正在经历气候和人类引起的自然和社会环境变化的影响。这些变化的最大和最直接的影响体现在人类赖以满足其社会、文化和经济需求的公地（例如渔业、贝类床、沿海空间、泻湖、红树林、牧场、森林、地下水、淡水系统、灌溉系统、城市空间等）。当受到各种驱动因素的影响时，公地不仅会经历其生物物理特征的变化过程，而且由此产生的影响也会持续影响依赖公地的人口的社会、文化、政治和经济生活（例如，生计、生存、机构、剥夺权力、权利、文化认同的丧失）。从类似的意义上说，作为人类，我们所有人在日常生活中都与某种形式的公地联系在一起，我们要么影响公地，要么受到公地的影响，要么经历两者。在这种背景下，维持公地仍然是一项持续的挑战，需要社会各个层面加强理解和创新治理方法。本课程的目的正是为了做到这一点，即创造性地让学生加深对公地的理解和知识，并思考可以维持公地的新颖的治理方法。
Individuals, communities and nations in all regions of the world are experiencing the effects of climate and human induced changes in their physical and social environments. The highest and the most direct impact of these changes are seen in the case of commons (e.g., fisheries, shellfish beds, coastal spaces, lagoons, mangroves, range lands, forests, groundwater, freshwater systems, irrigation systems, urban spaces, etc.) upon which humans depend for their social, cultural and economic needs. When impacted by a variety of drivers, commons not only go through a process of change in their biophysical characteristics, but the resulting impacts linger on to the social, cultural, political and economic lives (e.g., loss of livelihoods, subsistence, institutions, disempowerment, loss of rights, cultural identity) of the commons-dependent population. In a similar sense we all, as humans, are linked to some form of commons in our daily lives we either impact the commons or get impacted by it or experience the both. Given this background, sustaining the commons remains an ongoing challenge that requires enhanced understanding and innovative governance approaches at all levels of society. The aim of this course is exactly to do this, i.e., creatively engage students in furthering their understanding and knowledge on commons and deliberate on novel governance approaches though which commons can be sustained.