Does the moon influence sleep in small-scale societies?
Does the moon influence sleep in small-scale societies?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sleh.2018.08.004
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Nunn, Charles L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Samson, David R.;Crittenden, Alyssa N.;Nunn, Charles L.
目标：月球周期预计会影响更多接触环境的人群的睡眠-觉醒模式，就像在经历很少环境缓冲的采集人群中发现的那样。我们在两个非洲人群中调查了这一“月光”假说：一个由狩猎采集者组成（环境缓冲程度最低），另一个由农村农业者组成（环境缓冲程度为中低）。背景：研究对象是来自坦桑尼亚北部埃亚西湖附近的森格勒社区和马达加斯加曼德纳的一个由大约 4000 名农民组成的农村社区的哈扎人狩猎采集者。参与者：三十一名成年哈扎人和招募了 21 名马达加斯加成年人。测量：我们使用 CamNtech Motionwatch 8 活动记录仪并以 1 分钟为基础生成各个时期的数据。结果：我们发现哈扎狩猎采集者的睡眠-觉醒模式与月球周期（即月光）之间存在关联，总体支持月光假说。然而，效果的方向与我们的预测相反：随着暴露在月光下的可能性增加，活动通常会转变为夜间活动较少和白天活动较多的模式。在马达加斯加农学家中没有发现显着的影响。 结论：尽管缺乏一致的证据，人类行为与月相有关的观点仍然是一种普遍的信念。我们提供了第一个直接证据，证明月球周期与狩猎采集社会的睡眠-觉醒模式有关，这表明月光不会像电灯那样抑制睡眠-觉醒模式。 (C) 2018 年国家睡眠基金会。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。
Objectives: The lunar cycle is expected to influence sleep-wake patterns in human populations that have greater exposure to the environment, as might be found in forager populations that experience few environmental buffers. We investigated this "moonlight" hypothesis in two African populations: one composed of hunter-gatherers (with minimal environmental buffering) and the other rural agriculturalists (with lowto-moderate environmental buffering).Setting: Research was conducted on Hadza hunter-gatherers from the Sengele community near Lake Eyasi in northern Tanzania and in Mandena, Madagascar, in a rural community of approximately 4000 farmers.Participants: Thirty-one adult Hadza and 21 Malagasy adults were recruited.Measurements: We used the CamNtech Motionwatch 8 actigraph and generated data on an epoch-byepoch, 1-minute basis.Results: In general support of the moonlight hypothesis, we uncovered an association between sleep-wake patterns and lunar cycle (ie., moonlight) for Hadza hunter-gatherers. However, the direction of the effect was opposite to what we predicted: as the potential for exposure to moonlight increased, activity generally shifted to a pattern of less nighttime activity and greater daytime activity. No significant effects were found in the Malagasy agriculturalists.Conclusions: The proposal that human behaviors are linked with moon phase is a popular belief that persists despite the absence of consistent evidence. We provide the first direct evidence that lunar cycle is linked to sleep-wake pattern in a hunter-gatherer society, suggesting that moonlight does not inhibit sleep-wake patterns in the ways that electric lighting does. (C) 2018 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.