Aetiological factors in hepatocellular cancer.
Aetiological factors in hepatocellular cancer.
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肝细胞癌的病因学因素。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Bassendine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bassendine
HCC的主要风险因素见表2。各因素可能参与了肝癌发生的多步骤过程。B型肝炎病毒和黄曲霉毒素是主要的病因学候选者，可被认为是恶性状态的起始物（见图1）。大多数HCC是通过促癌途径发生的;激素环境的相关变化可能会改变环境致癌物的处理，细胞增殖的轮次可能会增加对亚阈值剂量致癌物的敏感性。外源性雄激素和雌激素可能通过类似的机制促进癌前细胞的克隆性扩增。确定主要病因的重要性在于预防的可能性。肝癌的预后是令人沮丧的，它是发展中第三世界国家的一个主要祸害。令人鼓舞的是，通过广泛使用B型肝炎疫苗和制定针对食品黄曲霉毒素污染的干预计划，大多数病例都可以预防。
The major risk factors for HCC are outlined in Table 2. Each factor may contribute to the multistep process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatitis B virus and aflatoxins are the principal aetiological candidates and may be considered as initiators of the malignant state (see Figure 1). The majority of HCC arises via the cirrhotic pathway; the associated changes in the hormonal milieu may alter the handling of environmental carcinogens and the rounds of cell proliferation may increase sensitivity to sub-threshold doses of carcinogens. Exogenous androgens and oestrogens may operate through a similar mechanism to promote clonal expansion of preneoplastic cells. The importance of identifying the major aetiological factors lies in the possibility of prevention. The prognosis of HCC is dismal and it represents a major scourge in developing Third World countries. It is encouraging to think that the majority of cases could be prevented by the widespread use of hepatitis B vaccines and the development of intervention programmes against aflatoxin contamination of foodstuffs.