Molecular biology of neuronal geometry: expression of neurofilament genes influences axonal diameter.
Molecular biology of neuronal geometry: expression of neurofilament genes influences axonal diameter.
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神经元几何形状的分子生物学：神经丝基因的表达影响轴突直径。
DOI：
10.1101/sqb.1983.048.01.076
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Drake,PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lasek,RJ;Oblinger,MM;Drake,PF
对具有相同基因型的生物体中特定神经元形状的比较表明，尽管神经元的详细几何形状可能不同，但这些细胞的基本形式被保留下来（Macagno 1980）。这些观察结果表明，决定这些神经元基本形式的信息是可遗传的，这就为分子神经生物学提出了一个基本问题：基因组中编码的信息是如何表达为神经系统中存在的许多不同类型神经元的特定几何形状的？解决这个问题的关键之一在于神经元细胞骨架，因为这些结构代表了定义神经细胞形状的支撑框架（Hillman 1980）。神经元的几何形状是细胞骨架详细结构的外在表现。神经元具有复杂的形态，可以分为许多区域，每个区域都有其特征性的形状。例如，特定脊椎动物神经元的轴突和树突很容易根据它们的形态相互区分。轴突和树突进一步分化成大量的微区，每个微区都有其特征性的几何形状。有了所有这些区域特化，各种各样的因素必须有助于确定神经细胞的详细几何形状。
Comparisons of the shapes of particular neurons in organisms with the same genotype demonstrate that although the detailed geometry of the neurons may differ, the basic form of these cells is preserved (Macagno 1980). These observations suggest that the information that determines the basic form of these neurons is heritable, and this raises a fundamental question for molecular neurobiology: How is information that is encoded in the genome expressed into the specific geometries of the many different types of neurons that exist in nervous systems? One of the important keys to the solution of this problem resides within neuronal cytoskeletons, because these structures represent the supporting framework that defines the shape of the nerve cell (Hillman 1980). The geometry of the neuron is an external manifestation of the detailed structure of the cytoskeleton.Neurons have complex morphologies, and they can be divided into a number of regions, each with its characteristic shape. For example, the axons and the dendrites of a particular vertebrate neuron are easily distinguished from each other on the basis of their morphology. Axons and dendrites are further differentiated into a large number of microdomains, each with its characteristic geometry. With all of these regional specializations, a large variety of factors must contribute to the determination of the detailed geometry of a nerve cell.