Following Optogenetic Dimerizers and Quantitative Prospects
Following Optogenetic Dimerizers and Quantitative Prospects
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2016.07.040
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发表时间：
2016-09-20
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Inoue, Takanari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niu, Jacqueline;Ben Johny, Manu;Inoue, Takanari
光遗传学描述了在重组和天然系统中使用遗传编码的光敏蛋白质来指导预期的光生物过程。虽然大多数这些光响应蛋白最初是在光合生物中发现的，但在过去的几十年里，实验不仅征用了这些天然工具，而且还设计和增强了这些工具，以探索各种各样的生理问题。此外，调节光遗传学致动器的动态范围和动力学速率的能力是一个具有挑战性的问题，该问题被设计用于促进这些系统的优化的计算方法大量探索。在这里，我们解释了一些流行的光二聚化光遗传学系统的基本机制，讨论了应用，比较了光遗传学工具与更传统的化学方法，并提出了一个简单的定量理解致动器如何对目标过程施加影响。
Optogenetics describes the use of genetically encoded photosensitive proteins to direct intended biological processes with light in recombinant and native systems. While most of these light-responsive proteins were originally discovered in photosynthetic organisms, the past few decades have been punctuated by experiments that not only commandeer but also engineer and enhance these natural tools to explore a wide variety of physiological questions. In addition, the ability to tune dynamic range and kinetic rates of optogenetic actuators is a challenging question that is heavily explored with computational methods devised to facilitate optimization of these systems. Here, we explain the basic mechanisms of a few popular photodimerizing optogenetic systems, discuss applications, compare optogenetic tools against more traditional chemical methods, and propose a simple quantitative understanding of how actuators exert their influence on targeted processes.