Detecting balance deficits in frequent fallers using clinical and quantitative evaluation tools
Detecting balance deficits in frequent fallers using clinical and quantitative evaluation tools
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02461.x
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Kamen, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho, CY;Kamen, G
目的：本研究旨在通过平衡和运动协调测试来确定老年特发性频繁跌倒者是否可以与健康老年人区分开来。第二个目的是确定临床平衡测试分数、通过加速度计获得的平衡表现数据和定量运动协调测试之间的关系。设计：两组比较设计。单位：大学中的电机控制研究实验室。参与者：本研究招募的16名受试者包括8名健康的老年人和8名年龄匹配的特发性跌倒者。测量方法：通过加速度计、协调性和临床测试来评估每位参与者的平衡能力。加速度计得分是通过放置在臀部和头部的Ig加速度计获得的，测量时眼睛是睁开或闭着的，要么站在地板上，要么站在一个楔形的柔性泡沫上。临床平衡评分采用Romberg试验和功能伸展试验的变体。获得的运动协调测试包括脚跟到脚趾的过渡和快速步进测试。主要结果：除均方根外，各组间加速度测量变量均有统计学差异。所有加速度测量变量都能成功区分头部和髋部。此外，从加速度测量数据中获得的摇摆幅值在四种测试条件之间存在显著差异。Romberg测试，只使用右腿，睁着眼睛，显示了跌倒者和健康老年人之间的显著差异。正常老年人的行走速度明显快于跌倒者（1.10米/秒vs 0.80米/秒）。功能伸展测试结果显示各组间无显著差异。在快速步进测试中，协调技能在组间存在显著差异，而在鞋跟-脚趾过渡测试中，协调技能在组间无显著差异。结论：加速度计是一种廉价且临床上有用的技术，可用于区分健康老年人和特发性频繁跌倒。结合临床程序和商业测试来评估运动协调，这些技术可以识别易发生频繁跌倒的老年人。
OBJECTIVE: This investigation sought to determine whether older idiopathic frequent fallers could be distinguished from healthy older adults on the basis of balance and movement coordination tests. A secondary objective was to determine the relationships among clinical balance test scores, balance performance data obtained by accelerometry, and quantitative motor coordination tests.DESIGN: Two group comparison designs.SETTING: A motor control research laboratory in a university setting.PARTICIPANTS: The 16 subjects recruited for this study included eight healthy older subjects and eight age-matched idiopathic fallers.MEASUREMENTS: Each participant's balance performance was assessed by accelerometry, as well as by coordination and clinical tests. Accelerometry scores, obtained by Ig accelerometers placed at the hip and on the head, were made with eyes open or closed, either standing on the floor or on a wedge of compliant foam. Clinical balance scores were obtained using variants of Romberg's test and the functional reach test. Motor coordination tests obtained included the heel-to-toe transition and rapid stepping tests.MAIN RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were obtained between groups for all accelerometry variables except root mean square. All accelerometry variables were successful in discriminating between head and hip sites. Moreover, the amplitude of sway obtained from accelerometry data identified significant differences among the four test conditions. The Romberg test, using right leg alone with eyes open, showed a significant difference between fallers and healthy older subjects. Walking velocity was significantly faster for normal older subjects than for fallers (1.10 m/sec vs 0.80 m/sec). No significant between-group differences were obtained using the functional reach test. Coordination skills yielded significant between-group differences using the rapid stepping test but no significant differences between groups with the heel-toe transition test.CONCLUSION: Accelerometry is an inexpensive and clinically useful technique that can distinguish between healthy older people and idiopathic frequent fallers. In conjunction with clinical procedures and commercially available tests to assess motor coordination, these techniques can identify older individuals susceptible to frequent falls.