INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MAJOR GENES AND POLYGENES IN DETERMINATION OF MIMETIC PATTERNS OF PAPILIO DARDANUS
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MAJOR GENES AND POLYGENES IN DETERMINATION OF MIMETIC PATTERNS OF PAPILIO DARDANUS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1963.tb03297.x
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发表时间：
1963-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
SHEPPARD, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CLARKE, CA;SHEPPARD, PM
达丹凤蝶（Papilio dardanus）的雄性是单形且非模仿的。雌性是多态性的，许多都是模仿性的，但在马达加斯加，它们都是雄性的。南非和肯尼亚的模仿品种与马达加斯加品种的杂交已经完成。 F1、F2 以及回交南非赛的成绩均已报告。在种族中，各种形式的表型非常恒定。相比之下，包括 F1 在内的各种杂交种的表型差异很大。这表明每个种族中都建立了一个共同适应的基因复合体，这确保了表型的恒定性接近其最佳外观。杂交破坏了这种共同适应，导致变异、偏离最佳表型以及失去不同形式之间的明显区别。 F1 的变异性表明种族中存在相当大的隐藏遗传变异性。有些修饰剂不会影响其种族中主要形式的表型，但会影响其他种族中的表型，如果自然选择维持了这些形式的表型的恒定性，那么这是可以预期的。
The butterfly Papilio dardanus, is monomorphic and nonmimetic in the male. The females are polymorphic and many are mimetic except in Madagascar where they are all male-like. Crosses of the South African and Kenya mimetic forms with the Madagascan race have been made. The results in the F1, F2 and back-cross to the South African race are reported. In the races the various forms are remarkably constant in phenotype. In contrast there is great variability of phenotype in the various hybrids including the F1. It is suggested that a co-adapted gene-complex has been built up within each race which ensures the constancy of the phenotypes near their optimum appearance. Hybridization breaks down this co-adaptation causing variation, a departure from the optimum phenotypes and the loss of a clear distinction between the forms. The variability in the F1 indicates that there is considerable concealed genetic variability within the races. There are modifiers which do not affect the phenotype of the major forms in their race, but do affect those in other races, as would be expected if natural selection is maintaining the constancy of the phenotype of the forms.