Spatial Variation
Spatial Variation
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-29294-2_15
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Lutscher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Lutscher
大多数景观在许多空间尺度上是异质的。异质性可以反映自然资源分布（例如，营养物或温度）或人类活动（例如，农业用地（农业用地）。所有这些因素都可能影响个体的局部增长率及其相互作用。这些影响可以通过生长函数对空间位置的显式依赖来建模。空间异质性也可以影响个体的扩散模式，无论是被动的（例如，扩散障碍物、风向）或主动地（例如，寻找资源，避免危险）。包括空间变化的分散模式的IDE和分析由此产生的人口动态带来了许多挑战。在前面的章节中，我们集中讨论了两种景观：齐次无限景观和单一（齐次）有界区域。在本章中，我们提出了几种方法，包括更现实的空间异质性的IDE。我们开始的模型，只有增长函数的空间异质性的影响，后来提出的方法，包括异质性的运动模型和扩散内核。
Most landscapes are heterogeneous at many spatial scales. Heterogeneity can reflect natural resource distribution (e.g., nutrients or temperature) or human activity (e.g., harvesting or agricultural land use). All of these factors may affect the local growth rate of individuals and their interactions. These effects can be modeled by an explicit dependence of the growth function on spatial location. Spatial heterogeneity can also affect individual dispersal patterns, either passively (e.g., dispersal barriers, wind direction) or actively (e.g., search for resources, avoidance of dangers). Including spatially varying dispersal patterns in IDEs and analyzing the resulting population dynamics poses numerous challenges. In previous chapters, we concentrated on two kinds of landscapes: a homogeneous infinite landscape and a single (homogeneous) bounded region. In this chapter, we present several approaches to include more realistic spatial heterogeneity in IDEs. We begin with models where only the growth function is affected by spatial heterogeneity and later present ways to include heterogeneity in movement models and dispersal kernels.