VIROLOGY OF MEASLES-VIRUS
VIROLOGY OF MEASLES-VIRUS
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/170.supplement_1.s15
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发表时间：
1994-11-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
ROTA, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BELLINI, WJ;ROTA, JS;ROTA, PA
麻疹病毒是副粘病毒科麻疹病毒属的原型成员。病毒基因组RNA是单链的、非分段的、负极性的，编码六种主要的结构蛋白。两种病毒跨膜糖蛋白，血凝素和融合蛋白，都是病毒-宿主细胞膜融合所需的，而与宿主细胞的附着是由血凝素介导的。人CD 46分子已被鉴定为麻疹病毒的细胞受体。针对任一种病毒糖蛋白产生的抗体在体外中和麻疹病毒并防止感染。虽然麻疹病毒仍然是一个单一的血清型（单型），核苷酸序列分析已经确定了最近的野生型分离株不同的谱系。这些遗传变化表现为疫苗和野生型病毒之间可检测到的抗原变异，在某些时候可能会影响控制，消除和最终根除麻疹病毒的策略。
Measles virus is the prototypic member of the Morbillivirus genus of the family Paramyxoviridae. The viral genomic RNA is single-stranded, nonsegmented, and of negative polarity and encodes six major structural proteins. The two viral transmembrane glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin and fusion proteins, are both required for virus-host cell membrane fusion, while attachment to host cells is mediated by the hemagglutinin. The human CD46 molecule has been identified as a cellular receptor for measles virus. Antibodies raised against either viral glycoprotein neutralize measles virus in vitro and protect against infection. Although measles virus remains a single serotype (monotypic), nucleotide sequence analyses have identified distinct lineages among recent wild type isolates. These genetic changes were manifested by detectable antigenic variation between vaccine and wild type viruses and at some point may influence strategies for control, elimination, and eventual eradication of measles virus.