Hunting down the chimera of multiple disciplinarity in conservation science.
Hunting down the chimera of multiple disciplinarity in conservation science.
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追捕保护科学中多重纪律的嵌合体。
DOI：
10.1111/cobi.12183
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Milner-Gulland EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pooley SP;Mendelsohn JA;Milner-Gulland EJ
人们的共识是，生态和社会因素都是保护研究和实践的重要方面。然而，多学科合作的文献集中在进行它的困难。进行多学科合作的挑战的审查提供了一个框架，思考这种奋进的多样性和复杂性。我们关注的是概念挑战，其中出现了5个主要类别：方法论挑战，价值判断，知识理论，学科偏见和跨学科交流。在这些领域中发现的主要问题在调查的文献中（c.1960-2012）被证明是非常持久的。未能从过去的经验中吸取教训的原因包括产生积极成果和掩盖分歧的压力，许多这类项目的短暂性和由此造成的机构记忆的缺乏，以及奋进的明显复杂性和不连贯性。我们认为，多学科合作需要仔细挑选的多学科团队成员在调查一个共同的问题或疑问的概念整合。我们概述了一个9点的步骤序列，以建立一个成功的多学科项目。这包括招聘，让利益相关者参与，开发研究问题，谈判权力动态和隐藏的价值观和概念差异，解释和选择适当的方法，开发共享语言，促进持续的沟通，以及讨论数据整合和项目成果。尽管已经提出了许多解决多学科研究挑战的方案，但当项目结束或经验丰富的个人继续前进时，经验教训往往会丢失。我们敦促多学科团队在项目进行期间捕捉他们的研究人员所认识到的挑战和提出的解决方案。一个记录良好的案例研究数据库将展示来自不同学科的理论和方法及其相互作用，能够更好地进行比较研究和评价，并为制定未来项目和培训多学科研究人员提供有用的资源。
The consensus is that both ecological and social factors are essential dimensions of conservation research and practice. However, much of the literature on multiple disciplinary collaboration focuses on the difficulties of undertaking it. This review of the challenges of conducting multiple disciplinary collaboration offers a framework for thinking about the diversity and complexity of this endeavor. We focused on conceptual challenges, of which 5 main categories emerged: methodological challenges, value judgments, theories of knowledge, disciplinary prejudices, and interdisciplinary communication. The major problems identified in these areas have proved remarkably persistent in the literature surveyed (c.1960–2012). Reasons for these failures to learn from past experience include the pressure to produce positive outcomes and gloss over disagreements, the ephemeral nature of many such projects and resulting lack of institutional memory, and the apparent complexity and incoherence of the endeavor. We suggest that multiple disciplinary collaboration requires conceptual integration among carefully selected multiple disciplinary team members united in investigating a shared problem or question. We outline a 9-point sequence of steps for setting up a successful multiple disciplinary project. This encompasses points on recruitment, involving stakeholders, developing research questions, negotiating power dynamics and hidden values and conceptual differences, explaining and choosing appropriate methods, developing a shared language, facilitating on-going communications, and discussing data integration and project outcomes. Although numerous solutions to the challenges of multiple disciplinary research have been proposed, lessons learned are often lost when projects end or experienced individuals move on. We urge multiple disciplinary teams to capture the challenges recognized, and solutions proposed, by their researchers while projects are in process. A database of well-documented case studies would showcase theories and methods from a variety of disciplines and their interactions, enable better comparative study and evaluation, and provide a useful resource for developing future projects and training multiple disciplinary researchers.
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